Haftu Lemma Hansa, Mohamed Abdikarin Ahmed, Hadgu Amanuel, Gebrehiwot Gebremichael Teklu
Pediatric and Child Health Department, College of Health Science, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Pediatric and Child Health Department, Mogadishu, Somalia, Turkish Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Glob Pediatr. 2025 Sep;13:None. doi: 10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100263.
The main objectives of this study were to assess the outcomes and predictors of nosocomial infections in pediatric patients.
A hospital-based retrospective observational study and a consecutive sampling technique were used to collect data. Categorical data were compared using Pearson's Chi-square test/Fisher's exact test. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier analysis was also used to assess survival. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
A total of 45 patients who developed nosocomial infections were analyzed. The incidence density of nosocomial infection was 41.1 per 1000 patient-days. Most patients were male (53.3 %) and under 14 (75.6 %), with a median age of 1 year. Statistically significant variables associated with increased mortality included female gender, transfer from the ward, prolonged maintenance fluid duration (>3 days), the need for mechanical ventilation, and the presence of comorbid illnesses, as indicated by chi-square analysis. Patients with nosocomial infections had a longer hospital stay (20 days vs. 10 days) and a higher mortality rate (26.7 % vs. 19.1 %) compared to those without nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infections resulted in an excess crude mortality rate of 7.5 %.
Preventive measures should be prioritized given the identified risk factors for nosocomial infections. Patients with nosocomial infections are at an increased risk of mortality.
本研究的主要目的是评估儿科患者医院感染的结局及预测因素。
采用基于医院的回顾性观察研究及连续抽样技术收集数据。分类数据采用Pearson卡方检验/ Fisher确切概率法进行比较。此外，还采用Kaplan-Meier分析评估生存率。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
共分析了45例发生医院感染的患者。医院感染的发病密度为每1000患者日41.1例。大多数患者为男性（53.3%）且年龄在14岁以下（75.6%），中位年龄为1岁。卡方分析表明，与死亡率增加相关的具有统计学意义的变量包括女性性别、从病房转出、维持输液时间延长（>3天）、需要机械通气以及存在合并症。与未发生医院感染的患者相比，发生医院感染的患者住院时间更长（20天对10天），死亡率更高（26.7%对19.1%）。医院感染导致粗死亡率额外增加7.5%。
鉴于已确定的医院感染危险因素，应优先采取预防措施。发生医院感染的患者死亡风险增加。
