Liu Shasha, Zhou Wenzhuo, Ye Haobo, Qiu Feng, Gu Rongrong, Xu Erying, Chen Ji-Long
Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Joint Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Prevention and Control of Fujian-Nepal, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Aug 26;12:1661103. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1661103. eCollection 2025.
Vaccine adjuvants are now widely utilized in vaccine formulations. The IFN-Stimulated Genes (ISGs) family, play crucial roles in immune regulation and exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activity. However, limited studies have investigated the potential of ISGs as vaccine adjuvants. Here, three swine ISGs fusion proteins were induced and purified from , including IFITM1, IFITM3 and Viperin (sIFITM1, sIFITM3, and sViperin). Furthermore, sIFITM1, sIFITM3, and sViperin inhibited the replication of pseudorabies virus (PRV) in swine (PK-15 and 3D4/21) and murine (NIH/3 T3 and C57/B6-L) cells. Importantly, these fusion proteins effectively enhanced the immunogenicity of inactivated classical swine fever virus (CSFV) vaccine and improved the immune response in vaccinated mice. Our evidence indicates that, compared with the CSFV vaccine group, the co-administration of sIFITM1, sIFITM3, and sViperin with CSFV vaccine significantly improved humoral immunity, increased T lymphocyte proliferation in the spleen, and elevated serum IgG antibody levels. In conclusion, this study successfully prepared sIFITM1, sIFITM3, and sViperin fusion proteins, confirming their ability to inhibit PRV replication and suggesting their potential as vaccine adjuvants.
疫苗佐剂目前广泛应用于疫苗制剂中。干扰素刺激基因（ISGs）家族在免疫调节中发挥关键作用，并具有广谱抗病毒活性。然而，关于ISGs作为疫苗佐剂的潜力的研究有限。在此，从猪中诱导并纯化了三种猪ISGs融合蛋白，包括IFITM1、IFITM3和蝰蛇蛋白（sIFITM1、sIFITM3和sViperin）。此外，sIFITM1、sIFITM3和sViperin抑制了伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）在猪（PK - 15和3D4/21）和小鼠（NIH/3 T3和C57/B6 - L）细胞中的复制。重要的是，这些融合蛋白有效地增强了灭活经典猪瘟病毒（CSFV）疫苗的免疫原性，并改善了接种疫苗小鼠的免疫反应。我们的证据表明，与CSFV疫苗组相比，sIFITM1、sIFITM3和sViperin与CSFV疫苗联合使用显著提高了体液免疫，增加了脾脏中T淋巴细胞的增殖，并提高了血清IgG抗体水平。总之，本研究成功制备了sIFITM1、sIFITM3和sViperin融合蛋白，证实了它们抑制PRV复制的能力，并表明了它们作为疫苗佐剂的潜力。
