Enawgaw Bamlaku, Aynalem Melak, Melku Mulugeta
Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
J Blood Med. 2022 Feb 24;13:97-104. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S356425. eCollection 2022.
The ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most commonly used blood group systems in clinical settings. They are clinically significant for blood transfusion, organ transplantation, genetic studies, forensic determinations, and medico-legal issues. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the distribution of ABO and Rh-D blood groups among blood donors in the Amhara regional state, Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2016 to September 2018 among blood donors in the four blood bank districts (Gondar, Bahir Dar, Debre Markos, and Dessie) of the Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. A total of 1040 blood donors aged from 18 years old to 60 years old were included using a simple random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire and a data collection sheet were used to obtain the socio-demographic data and blood group types of study participants. The ABO and Rh-D blood groups were typed using commercially prepared antisera after 1 mL of blood was taken from blood bags. The data was cleared by Epi-Info Version 7 and extracted into SPSS version 25 for analysis. The distribution of data was checked by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Then, the data was presented in tables and figures.
In this study, out of 1040 study participants, 55.6% were males with a median age of 20 years (IQR = 19-24 years). In this study, the distribution of ABO blood types O, A, B, and AB was 41.6% (433/1040), 28.7% (298/1040), 22.2% (229/1040), and 7.7% (80/1040), respectively. On the other hand, the Rh-D positivity was 92.5% (962/1040).
The overall predominant ABO blood group in the Amhara regional state was O (41.6%), and the least was AB (7.7%). Besides, the overall Rh-D negative blood distribution was 7.5%, which ranged from 4.46% to 9.6%. Therefore, this information would be useful to the blood banks, especially in the planning of blood transfusion programmers.
ABO和Rh血型系统是临床环境中最常用的血型系统。它们在输血、器官移植、基因研究、法医鉴定和法医学问题方面具有临床意义。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉州献血者中ABO和Rh-D血型的分布情况。
2016年3月至2018年9月，在埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉州的四个血库地区（贡德尔、巴赫达尔、德布雷马尔科斯和德西）的献血者中进行了一项横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术，共纳入1040名年龄在18岁至60岁之间的献血者。使用结构化问卷和数据收集表获取研究参与者的社会人口统计学数据和血型类型。从血袋中抽取1 mL血液后，使用商业制备的抗血清对ABO和Rh-D血型进行分型。数据由Epi-Info 7版本清理，并提取到SPSS 25版本中进行分析。使用Shapiro-Wilk检验检查数据分布。然后，数据以表格和图表形式呈现。
在本研究中，1040名研究参与者中，55.6%为男性，中位年龄为20岁（四分位间距=19 - 24岁）。在本研究中，ABO血型O、A、B和AB的分布分别为41.6%（433/1040）、28.7%（298/1040）、22.2%（229/1040）和7.7%（80/1040）。另一方面，Rh-D阳性率为92.5%（962/1040）。
阿姆哈拉州总体上占主导地位的ABO血型是O型（41.6%），最少的是AB型（7.7%）。此外，总体Rh-D阴性血分布为7.5%，范围在4.46%至9.6%之间。因此，这些信息对血库将是有用的，特别是在输血计划的规划方面。
