Sternbach G, Kiskaddon R T
J Emerg Med. 1985;3(2):143-8. doi: 10.1016/0736-4679(85)90047-2.
Since Henry Heimlich's description of a method for relieving food choking was presented, the management of foreign body upper airway obstruction has been enveloped in controversy. The major point of contention has been the approval by the American Red Cross and American Heart Association of the chest thrust and back blows, techniques that Heimlich considered inferior and dangerous. The body of clinical data regarding choking is largely retrospective and anecdotal. There have been few experimental physiologic studies. Most studies have found airway pressures generated by back blows to be higher than those produced by chest or abdominal thrusts. However, chest and abdominal thrusts produce their effects over a more sustained time period.
自亨利·海姆立克描述了一种缓解食物窒息的方法以来，异物引起的上呼吸道梗阻的处理一直存在争议。主要争议点在于美国红十字会和美国心脏协会对胸部按压和背部拍打方法的认可，而海姆立克认为这些技术较差且危险。关于窒息的临床数据大多是回顾性的且多为轶事性的。几乎没有实验生理学研究。大多数研究发现，背部拍打产生的气道压力高于胸部或腹部按压产生的压力。然而，胸部和腹部按压产生效果的持续时间更长。
