Ryzhova E, Janine Wichmann, Chantelle Howlett-Downing, Holý O
Science and research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Czechia.
School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
One Health. 2025 Aug 19;21:101173. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101173. eCollection 2025 Dec.
is a resilient, zoonotic pathogen that poses significant challenges across human, animal, plant, and environmental health systems. This review explores the epidemiology of within the One Health framework, emphasizing its transmission dynamics, risk factors, and implications for food safety. The pathogen's ability to persist in diverse environments, form biofilms, and withstand extreme conditions highlights its role as a major public health concern, particularly for vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly. The review examines the intersection of organic and conventional farming practices with contamination, noting the unique risks associated with organic fertilizers, wildlife exposure, and limited antimicrobial interventions. In contrast, conventional systems face challenges such as crowded animal housing and antimicrobial resistance. The role of plants as vectors, particularly through contaminated soil, irrigation water, and fertilizers, is underscored, with a focus on the risks linked to minimally processed and ready-to-eat foods. Environmental reservoirs, including soil, water, and biofilms, are identified as critical contributors to the pathogen's persistence and transmission. Climate change, agricultural practices, and industrial processes further exacerbate the complexity of control, necessitating cross-disciplinary approaches. The review concludes with a call to strengthen the One Health framework through integrated surveillance, sustainable farming practices, public awareness campaigns, and innovative technologies. By addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by , this approach aims to ensure food safety, promote ecological sustainability, and protect public health in an increasingly interconnected and climate-impacted world.
是一种具有韧性的人畜共患病原体，对人类、动物、植物和环境卫生系统构成重大挑战。本综述在“同一健康”框架内探讨了其流行病学，重点关注其传播动态、风险因素以及对食品安全的影响。该病原体在不同环境中持续存在、形成生物膜并耐受极端条件的能力凸显了其作为主要公共卫生问题的作用，尤其是对孕妇、免疫功能低下者和老年人等弱势群体而言。该综述研究了有机和传统养殖方式与污染的交叉点，指出了与有机肥料、野生动物接触以及有限的抗菌干预措施相关的独特风险。相比之下，传统养殖系统面临着诸如动物饲养密度大以及抗菌药物耐药性等挑战。强调了植物作为传播媒介的作用，特别是通过受污染的土壤、灌溉水和肥料传播，重点关注与最低限度加工和即食食品相关的风险。包括土壤、水和生物膜在内的环境宿主被确定为病原体持续存在和传播的关键因素。气候变化、农业实践和工业过程进一步加剧了控制的复杂性，因此需要跨学科方法。该综述最后呼吁通过综合监测、可持续养殖实践、公众宣传活动和创新技术来加强“同一健康”框架。通过应对所带来的多方面挑战，这种方法旨在确保食品安全、促进生态可持续性，并在一个日益相互关联且受气候影响的世界中保护公众健康。
