Chen Fangyuan, Niu Pengkun, Gao Fei, Zeng Zhanghua, Cui Haixin, Cui Bo
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Aug 24;15(17):1304. doi: 10.3390/nano15171304.
Weeds are a significant factor affecting crop yield and quality. Herbicides have made crucial contributions to ensuring stable and high grain production, but the low effective utilization rate and short duration of traditional formulations have led to excessive application and a range of ecological and environmental issues. Nanoherbicides, particularly carrier-coated systems, can simultaneously leverage the small size, large specific surface area, and high permeability of nanoparticles, as well as the multifunctionality of carriers, to synergistically enhance the efficacy and safety of the formulations. This provides a scientific and promising strategy for overcoming the functional deficiencies of traditional formulations. Nevertheless, there are currently relatively few articles that systematically review the research progress and performance advantages of nanoherbicides. This review provides a concise overview of the preparation methods and structural characteristics of nanoherbicides. It primarily highlights the classification of carrier-coated nanoherbicides, along with representative studies and their distinctive properties across various categories. Based on this foundation, the performance advantages of nanoherbicides are systematically summarized. Finally, the major challenges and future prospects in this research field are proposed. This review offers valuable insights and methodological guidance for the design and rational application of efficient, environmentally friendly nanoherbicides.
杂草是影响作物产量和品质的重要因素。除草剂对确保稳定高产的粮食生产做出了关键贡献，但传统剂型的低有效利用率和短持效期导致了过量施用以及一系列生态和环境问题。纳米除草剂，特别是载体包覆体系，能够同时利用纳米颗粒的小尺寸、大比表面积、高渗透性以及载体的多功能性，协同提高制剂的功效和安全性。这为克服传统剂型的功能缺陷提供了一种科学且有前景的策略。然而，目前系统综述纳米除草剂研究进展和性能优势的文章相对较少。本综述简要概述了纳米除草剂的制备方法和结构特征。主要突出了载体包覆纳米除草剂的分类，以及各类别的代表性研究及其独特性质。在此基础上，系统总结了纳米除草剂的性能优势。最后，提出了该研究领域的主要挑战和未来前景。本综述为高效、环保型纳米除草剂的设计和合理应用提供了有价值的见解和方法指导。
