Aburub Aseel, Darabseh Mohammad Z, Abzakh Mozon A, Alhasan Eman Omar, Badran Rahaf, Alasmar Ala'a, BenBraiek Assia, Prémusz Viktória, Hock Márta
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan.
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Aug 30;13(17):2171. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13172171.
Hormonal contraceptives are widely used, but their effects on respiratory health remain underexplored. This systematic review examined the impact of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) on pulmonary function, with an emphasis on asthma-related outcomes and underlying mechanisms. MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL, AMED, SPORTDiscus, and PEDro were searched from January 2000 to December 2024. Pulmonary outcomes assessed included PEFR, FEV, airway hyperresponsiveness, and exhaled nitric oxide levels. Twelve peer-reviewed studies were included. Most studies reported that OCPs do not impair lung function and may even improve respiratory parameters. Women using OCPs showed enhanced peak expiratory flow and reduced symptom variability, particularly in asthma and cystic fibrosis. Potential mechanisms include the stabilization of airway reactivity and modulation of inflammatory pathways. Heterogeneity across study populations and contraceptive types limited a meta-analysis, and few studies stratified outcomes by hormonal composition or comorbidities. Hormonal contraceptives may provide protective or regulatory effects on pulmonary function in specific populations. Larger precision-based studies are needed to clarify mechanisms and guide contraceptive counseling for women with respiratory conditions.
激素避孕药被广泛使用，但其对呼吸健康的影响仍未得到充分研究。本系统评价考察了口服避孕药（OCPs）对肺功能的影响，重点关注与哮喘相关的结局及潜在机制。检索了2000年1月至2024年12月期间的MEDLINE（PubMed）、EMBASE（Ovid）、CINAHL、AMED、SPORTDiscus和PEDro数据库。评估的肺部结局包括呼气峰值流速（PEFR）、第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV）、气道高反应性和呼出一氧化氮水平。纳入了12项经同行评审的研究。大多数研究报告称，OCPs不会损害肺功能，甚至可能改善呼吸参数。使用OCPs的女性表现出呼气峰值流速增强和症状变异性降低，尤其是在哮喘和囊性纤维化患者中。潜在机制包括气道反应性的稳定和炎症途径的调节。研究人群和避孕药类型的异质性限制了荟萃分析，很少有研究按激素成分或合并症对结局进行分层。激素避孕药可能对特定人群的肺功能提供保护或调节作用。需要开展更大规模的基于精确性的研究来阐明机制，并为患有呼吸系统疾病的女性提供避孕咨询指导。
