Stanković Milan, Zlatić Nenad, Locatelli Marcello, Perrucci Miryam, Marković Tatjana, Jakovljević Dragana
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujvac, Serbia.
Department of Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Aug 28;14(17):2695. doi: 10.3390/plants14172695.
is a widespread medicinal and aromatic species known for its ecological plasticity, pharmacological potential, and cultivation prospects. Despite its broad distribution across heterogeneous habitats, little is known about how local ecological and pedochemical factors influence its physiological traits and secondary metabolite production. This study addresses this knowledge gap by analyzing the eco-physiological and phytochemical variability of across six natural populations differing in substrate type and geochemical conditions. The research reveals significant inter-population variability in element accumulation, oxidative stress markers, morphometric traits, and the qualitative and quantitative composition of essential oils and phenolic compounds. Soil analyses demonstrated notable differences in element concentrations (e.g., Ca, Fe, Co, Zn) across localities, correlating with geochemical conditions. Morphological traits, such as leaf size and petiole length, varied significantly, with pronounced differences observed in plants from thermophilous and metalliferous habitats. Oxidative stress, indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, was highest in populations from thermophilous habitats. Phenolic compound analysis revealed locality-specific differences, with plants from thermophilous habitats exhibiting the highest concentrations of gallic acid, catechin, and rutin. Essential oil yield and composition also varied: leaves from metalliferous habitats had the highest monoterpene hydrocarbon content, while bark samples from thermophilous habitats showed elevated sesquiterpene levels. This comprehensive analysis underscores the interplay between habitat-specific conditions and the physiological and biochemical processes of . The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing substrate conditions and ecological management, with implications for the cultivation of the species to enhance the synthesis of bioactive compounds. These results support sustainable land use practices and the development of high-value plant-based products, offering significant implications for agriculture, pharmacology, and ecosystem restoration. Future studies should further explore the genetic and biochemical mechanisms underlying this species' adaptability and resource optimization in heterogeneous environments.
是一种分布广泛的药用和芳香植物，以其生态可塑性、药理潜力和种植前景而闻名。尽管它广泛分布于不同的栖息地，但对于当地生态和土壤化学因素如何影响其生理特征和次生代谢产物的产生却知之甚少。本研究通过分析六个自然种群在底物类型和地球化学条件方面存在差异的生态生理和植物化学变异性，填补了这一知识空白。研究揭示了在元素积累、氧化应激标记、形态特征以及精油和酚类化合物的定性和定量组成方面存在显著的种群间变异性。土壤分析表明，各地的元素浓度（如钙、铁、钴、锌）存在显著差异，这与地球化学条件相关。形态特征，如叶片大小和叶柄长度，差异显著，在嗜热和含金属栖息地的植物中观察到明显差异。以丙二醛（MDA）水平表示的氧化应激在嗜热栖息地的种群中最高。酚类化合物分析揭示了特定地点的差异，嗜热栖息地的植物中没食子酸、儿茶素和芦丁的浓度最高。精油产量和组成也有所不同：含金属栖息地的叶片单萜烃含量最高，而嗜热栖息地的树皮样品倍半萜水平升高。这一综合分析强调了特定栖息地条件与该植物生理和生化过程之间的相互作用。这些发现为优化底物条件和生态管理提供了有价值的见解，对该物种的种植以增强生物活性化合物的合成具有重要意义。这些结果支持可持续土地利用实践和高价值植物基产品的开发，对农业、药理学和生态系统恢复具有重要意义。未来的研究应进一步探索该物种在异质环境中适应性和资源优化的遗传和生化机制。
