Ferreira Jean Telvio Andrade, Fátima Reynaldo Teodoro de, Lima Geovani Soares de, Soares Lauriane Almeida Dos Anjos, Lima Brencarla de Medeiros, Lacerda Cassiano Nogueira de, Santos Larissa Fernanda Souza, Oliveira Valeska Karolini Nunes, Gheyi Hans Raj, Almeida Flávia de Sousa, Silva Saulo Soares da, Nóbrega Jackson Silva, Silva Luderlândio de Andrade, Silva Vitor Manoel Bezerra da, Azevedo Carlos Alberto Vieira de
Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil.
Academic Unit of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal 58840-000, PB, Brazil.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Sep 1;14(17):2724. doi: 10.3390/plants14172724.
Saline water is a major constraint on irrigated fruit farming in the Brazilian semiarid region, negatively reducing both yield and fruit quality. Developing effective strategies to mitigate salt stress is therefore essential. This study evaluated the effects of foliar application of ascorbic acid (AsA) on guava production and post-harvest quality under different phase-specific saline water irrigation strategies. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with split-plots. The main plots consisted of six irrigation strategies, which consisted of continuous irrigation with moderately saline water (0.9 dS m) and irrigation with saline water (3.3 dS m) applied during specific growth stages (vegetative, flowering, fruiting, vegetative/flowering, and vegetative/fruiting). Subplots received a control and three AsA concentrations (0, 200, 400, and 600 mg L). Irrigation with saline water (3.3 dS m) did not reduce yield, as fruit number and weight were maintained relative to the control. The main effect of saline stress was on fruit chemical composition: flavonoid and anthocyanin contents increased under saline irrigation, while stress during the fruiting stage elevated non-reducing sugars and the maturation index. Foliar AsA application acted as a biostimulant, with 600 mg L improving production by increasing average fruit weight and enhancing nutritional quality through higher soluble solid, reducing sugar, and vitamin C contents. These results highlight the potential of combining phase-specific saline irrigation with AsA application to improve guava fruit quality in the Brazilian semiarid region.
盐水是巴西半干旱地区灌溉水果种植的主要限制因素，会对产量和水果品质产生负面影响。因此，制定有效的策略来减轻盐胁迫至关重要。本研究评估了在不同阶段特定的盐水灌溉策略下，叶面喷施抗坏血酸（AsA）对番石榴产量和采后品质的影响。试验采用随机区组设计，裂区排列。主区包括六种灌溉策略，即持续用中度盐水（0.9 dS m）灌溉，以及在特定生长阶段（营养期、开花期、结果期、营养期/开花期和营养期/结果期）用盐水（3.3 dS m）灌溉。副区接受一个对照和三种AsA浓度（0、200、400和600 mg L）。用盐水（3.3 dS m）灌溉并未降低产量，因为果实数量和重量相对于对照得以维持。盐胁迫的主要影响在于果实化学成分：盐水灌溉下黄酮类化合物和花青素含量增加，而结果期的胁迫提高了非还原糖含量和成熟指数。叶面喷施AsA起到了生物刺激剂的作用，600 mg L的AsA通过增加平均果实重量提高了产量，并通过提高可溶性固形物、还原糖和维生素C含量提升了营养品质。这些结果凸显了在巴西半干旱地区将阶段特定的盐水灌溉与AsA喷施相结合以改善番石榴果实品质的潜力。
