Yuk Jin-Sung, Yoon Sang-Hee, Yang Seung-Woo
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul 01757, Republic of Korea.
Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
J Clin Med. 2025 Sep 7;14(17):6325. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176325.
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to ascertain the risk of abortion, ectopic pregnancy and hydatidiform mole development in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using data from Korea's National Health Insurance Service. The women aged 20-49 years who were diagnosed with PCOS between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2020 were enrolled. The control group (non-PCOS group) was composed of women aged 20-49 years who visited medical institutions for health examinations during the same period. Women diagnosed with any cancer were excluded from both groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risks of abortion, ectopic pregnancy and hydatidiform mole in PCOS in the presence of certain pregnancy-related confounding factors. A total of 724,307 women were extracted, 169,998 women without PCOS and 44,714 women with PCOS were enrolled in the study. The PCOS group had a higher incidence of GDM and endometriosis. Abortions, ectopic pregnancies and hydatidiform moles were higher in the PCOS group than in the control group (abortion: 14.7% vs. 7.3%, < 0.001; ectopic pregnancy: 3.3% vs. 1.1%, < 0.001; hydatidiform mole: 0.2% vs. 0.1%, < 0.001). After adjusted logistic regression, PCOS was found to be a risk factor for abortion (RR = 1.473, 95% CI = 1.424-1.524; < 0.001) and ectopic pregnancy (RR = 1.845, 95% CI = 1.716-1.984, < 0.001) but not hydatidiform mole (RR = 1.225, 95% CI = 0.927-1.62, = 0.154). A history of PCOS itself might increase the risk of abortion and ectopic pregnancy. These findings could be useful in prenatal counseling and the management of patients with PCOS-associated pregnancies.
这项回顾性队列研究的目的是利用韩国国民健康保险服务的数据，确定多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）女性发生流产、异位妊娠和葡萄胎的风险。纳入了2012年1月1日至2020年12月31日期间被诊断为PCOS的20 - 49岁女性。对照组（非PCOS组）由同期前往医疗机构进行健康检查的20 - 49岁女性组成。两组均排除被诊断患有任何癌症的女性。在存在某些与妊娠相关的混杂因素的情况下，采用逻辑回归分析来评估PCOS患者发生流产、异位妊娠和葡萄胎的风险。共提取了724307名女性，其中169998名无PCOS的女性和44714名患有PCOS的女性纳入研究。PCOS组的妊娠期糖尿病和子宫内膜异位症发病率较高。PCOS组的流产、异位妊娠和葡萄胎发生率高于对照组（流产：14.7%对7.3%，<0.001；异位妊娠：3.3%对1.1%，<0.001；葡萄胎：0.2%对0.1%，<0.001）。经过调整的逻辑回归分析发现，PCOS是流产（RR = 1.473，95%CI = 1.424 - 1.524；<0.001）和异位妊娠（RR = 1.845，95%CI = 1.716 - 1.984，<0.001）的危险因素，但不是葡萄胎的危险因素（RR = 1.225，95%CI = 0.927 - 1.62，=0.154）。PCOS病史本身可能会增加流产和异位妊娠的风险。这些发现可能有助于产前咨询以及PCOS相关妊娠患者的管理。
