Ikeda Shunya, Truong Ngoc Bao, Tran Anh Hue, Nguyen Thinh Gia, Luong Lam Tung, Le Linh Thuy, Le Ngoan Tran
Canon Institute for Global Studies, Tokyo 100-6511, Japan.
School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City 286-8686, Japan.
Nutrients. 2025 Aug 25;17(17):2744. doi: 10.3390/nu17172744.
: The association between dietary vitamin A intake and cancer risk remains unclear. There may be under-researched links between dietary vitamin A and cancer. This study aimed to clarify this relationship and a possible reference vitamin A intake. : We conducted a hospital-based case-control study. Exposure data was determined from participants, including 3758 incident cancer cases (esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, lung, breast, and other cancers) and 2995 hospital controls before the day of surgery treatment at the same hospitals. Dietary vitamin A intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association between vitamin A intake and cancer risk. Restricted cubic splines suggest a safe range of vitamin A intake of 85.3-104.0 µg/day, which is a reference quantile. : We found a U-shaped association between vitamin A intake and cancer incidence compared to the reference. Both the lowest and highest intakes were associated with an increased cancer risk, with OR (95% CI) values 1.98 (1.57, 2.49) and 2.06 (1.66, 2.56), respectively. This U-shaped pattern was consistent across subgroups defined by sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, blood type A, and cancers of the esophagus, stomach, breast, and rectum, but not lung and colon cancer. The U-shaped relationship remained after adjusting for dietary vitamin A intake per kg of body weight and vitamin A-energy residual estimation adjustment. Confidence intervals were wider at the highest exposure levels. : We observed a U-shaped relationship between vitamin A intake and the risk of cancer incidence, with a reference dietary vitamin A intake of 85.3-104.0 µg/day. These findings warrant further investigation to understand the mechanisms of this U-shaped association.
饮食中维生素A摄入量与癌症风险之间的关联仍不明确。饮食中维生素A与癌症之间可能存在研究不足的联系。本研究旨在阐明这种关系以及维生素A的可能参考摄入量。我们进行了一项基于医院的病例对照研究。从参与者中确定暴露数据，包括3758例新发癌症病例（食管癌、胃癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌和其他癌症）以及在同一家医院手术治疗前一天的2995名医院对照。使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷评估饮食中维生素A的摄入量。计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）以评估维生素A摄入量与癌症风险之间的关联。受限立方样条显示维生素A摄入量的安全范围为85.3 - 104.0微克/天，这是一个参考分位数。与参考值相比，我们发现维生素A摄入量与癌症发病率之间呈U形关联。最低和最高摄入量均与癌症风险增加相关，OR（95%CI）值分别为1.98（1.57，2.49）和2.06（1.66，2.56）。这种U形模式在按性别、体重指数、吸烟状况、饮酒、血型A以及食管癌、胃癌、乳腺癌和直肠癌定义的亚组中一致，但在肺癌和结肠癌中不一致。在调整每千克体重的饮食维生素A摄入量和维生素A - 能量残留估计调整后，U形关系仍然存在。在最高暴露水平下，置信区间更宽。我们观察到维生素A摄入量与癌症发病风险之间呈U形关系，饮食中维生素A的参考摄入量为85.3 - 104.0微克/天。这些发现值得进一步研究以了解这种U形关联的机制。
