Rico-González Markel, Gómez-Carmona Carlos D, González-Devesa Daniel, Ardigò Luca Paolo, Moreno-Villanueva Adrián
Department of Didactics of Music, Plastic and Body Expression, University of the Basque Country, UPV-EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
Research Group in Training, Physical Activity and Sports Performance (ENFYRED), University of Zaragoza, 44003 Teruel, Spain.
Nutrients. 2025 Sep 5;17(17):2878. doi: 10.3390/nu17172878.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Combined physical activity and nutritional interventions may produce synergistic effects on child development, but evidence from school-based programs is still limited. This systematic review investigated the impact of physical activity programs with simultaneous nutritional supplementation in school-aged children.
A systematic search was conducted across five databases (PubMed, ProQuest, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus) up to June 2025. Randomized controlled trials examining combined physical activity and nutritional supplementation interventions in children aged 5-12 years recruited from schools were included. Methodological quality was rated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.
Thirteen studies ( = 3967 participants) were eligible, with program lengths ranging from 2 weeks to 24 months. Methodological quality ranged from fair to good (PEDro scores: 4 to 7/10). Combined interventions showed greater benefits than single interventions. For bone health, 2-3% higher increases in bone mineral content at loaded sites were reported with exercise combined with calcium supplementation. Body composition improvements included significant reductions in fat mass and increases in fat-free mass, with effects most pronounced in girls and slow-growing children. Motor performance, academic achievement, and sleep quality also improved with combined approaches. Effects were consistently greatest in children with baseline micronutrient deficiencies or slower growth velocity.
School-based programs combining moderate-to-high impact physical activity with targeted nutritional supplementation yield synergistic health benefits in children. Brief interventions (2-3 sessions/week, ≤60 min) appear sufficient when adequate micronutrient provision is ensured, supporting implementation feasibility within educational settings.
背景/目的：体育活动与营养干预相结合可能对儿童发育产生协同效应，但基于学校项目的证据仍然有限。本系统评价调查了体育活动项目同时补充营养对学龄儿童的影响。
截至2025年6月，在五个数据库（PubMed、ProQuest、SCOPUS、Web of Science和SPORTDiscus）中进行了系统检索。纳入了对从学校招募的5至12岁儿童进行体育活动与营养补充相结合干预的随机对照试验。使用物理治疗证据数据库（PEDro）量表对方法学质量进行评分。
13项研究（n = 3967名参与者）符合条件，项目时长从2周到24个月不等。方法学质量从中等到良好（PEDro评分：4至7/10）。联合干预比单一干预显示出更大的益处。对于骨骼健康，运动结合补钙使负荷部位的骨矿物质含量增加了2%-3%。身体成分改善包括脂肪量显著减少和去脂体重增加，在女孩和生长缓慢的儿童中效果最为明显。运动表现、学业成绩和睡眠质量也通过联合方法得到改善。在基线微量营养素缺乏或生长速度较慢的儿童中，效果始终最为显著。
将中等至高强度体育活动与有针对性的营养补充相结合的学校项目，对儿童健康产生协同益处。在确保提供足够微量营养素的情况下，简短干预（每周2-3次，≤60分钟）似乎就足够了，这支持了在教育环境中的实施可行性。
