Morrison Tyler, Oikonomidis Ioannis L, Walker Hannah K, Santos Nuno Sousa, Conway Sophie A, Cuq Benoît, Albuquerque Carolina S C, Gil-Morales Claudia, Woods Glynn
Hospital for Small Animals, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
J Vet Intern Med. 2025 Sep-Oct;39(5):e70226. doi: 10.1111/jvim.70226.
Potential triggers of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) are often identified, but their frequency and the benefit of extensive screening for these to individual dogs is uncertain.
To assess the frequency of non-associative IMHA in dogs undergoing screening in Britain and Ireland and identify where specific tests could be beneficial.
Two hundred twenty-two client-owned dogs with IMHA.
Multicenter, retrospective cohort study of dogs with IMHA. Medical records and blood, urine, imaging, and pathology reports were reviewed. Cases were assessed for associative IMHA, and multivariable analysis was performed to define those.
Associative IMHA was present in 73/222 (33%) dogs. Diagnoses included toxic (24/222, 11%); infectious (17/222, 8%); neoplastic (16/222, 7%) and non-infectious inflammatory (13/222, 6%) conditions. A further 102 dogs (46%) had a finding most likely incidental, with no pertinent findings in 47/222 (21%) dogs. Associative IMHA was more likely as patients aged (odds ratio 1.108 per year, 95% CI: 1.012-1.218, p = 0.03).
The benefit of extensive diagnostic screening and implication of detected abnormalities remains uncertain for individual dogs with IMHA in Britain and Ireland. However, older dogs are more likely to have pertinent findings after a diagnosis of IMHA.
免疫介导性溶血性贫血（IMHA）的潜在触发因素常常能够被识别，但它们的发生频率以及对个体犬进行广泛筛查的益处尚不确定。
评估在英国和爱尔兰接受筛查的犬中非相关性IMHA的发生频率，并确定哪些特定检测可能有益。
222只客户拥有的患有IMHA的犬。
对患有IMHA的犬进行多中心回顾性队列研究。查阅病历以及血液、尿液、影像学和病理学报告。对病例进行相关性IMHA评估，并进行多变量分析以确定这些病例。
73/222（33%）只犬存在相关性IMHA。诊断包括中毒性（24/222，11%）；感染性（17/222，8%）；肿瘤性（16/222，7%）和非感染性炎症性（13/222，6%）疾病。另外102只犬（46%）有一项很可能是偶发的发现，47/222（21%）只犬没有相关发现。随着犬年龄增长，发生相关性IMHA的可能性更大（优势比为每年1.108，95%置信区间：1.012 - 1.218，p = 0.03）。
在英国和爱尔兰，对于患有IMHA的个体犬，进行广泛诊断性筛查的益处以及所检测到异常情况的意义仍不明确。然而，年龄较大的犬在被诊断为IMHA后更有可能有相关发现。
