Li Xin, Zhou Xuan, Liang Juping, Huang Zefan, Jin Mengdie, Shen Xiuhua, Wang Xuanfang, Fu Binbin, Chen Peijie, Du Qing
School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Pediatr. 2025 Aug 26;13:1639611. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1639611. eCollection 2025.
To study the impact of maternal physical activity levels before and after birth on the risk of spinal deformity in preschool children.
A cohort study of 760 preschoolers and their mothers tracked maternal physical activity levels during the prenatal period and the two years postnatally, as well as for two years after the child's birth, using standardized questionnaires at 6, 12, and 24 months. The risk of spinal deformity was assessed by the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) at the thoracic (T5), thoracic-lumbar (T12), and lumbar (L4) segments of the spine, with max values noted. An adjusted logistic regression model was used to explore the relationships between prenatal and postnatal physical activity levels and the risk of spinal deformity in preschoolers.
In 98 children (12.9%), ATRs were 3 or above, and 3 had ATRs of 5 at age 4. The duration of physical activity during early pregnancy (min/week) indicated a moderate risk of spinal deformity (with an ATR between 3 and 5) in children at age 4 (OR: 0.986, 95% CI: 0.976-1.001, = 0.084). Exercising outdoors <1 h/day during 0-6 months reduced spinal deformity risk (3 ≤ ATRs < 5) compared to >1 h (OR = 0.525, 95% CI 0.301-0.917, = 0.024). The risen risk of high ATR with long outdoor time was more significant when maternal blood calcium levels were low (OR=0.302, 95% CI 0.134-0.682; = 0.004).
Long outdoor times (>1 h/day) in infants under 6 months may be associated with changes in trunk rotation angle or postural stress. Exercise during early pregnancy may relate to good spine development in children. Further studies are needed on physical activity's role in scoliosis prevention.
研究产前和产后母亲身体活动水平对学龄前儿童脊柱畸形风险的影响。
一项对760名学龄前儿童及其母亲的队列研究，在产前、产后两年以及孩子出生后两年期间，使用标准化问卷在6、12和24个月时追踪母亲的身体活动水平。通过测量脊柱胸段（T5）、胸腰段（T12）和腰段（L4）的躯干旋转角度（ATR）来评估脊柱畸形风险，并记录最大值。采用校正后的逻辑回归模型探讨产前和产后身体活动水平与学龄前儿童脊柱畸形风险之间的关系。
98名儿童（12.9%）的ATR为3或以上，4岁时3名儿童的ATR为5。孕早期身体活动时长（分钟/周）表明4岁儿童有中度脊柱畸形风险（ATR在3至5之间）（OR：0.986，95%CI：0.976 - 1.001，P = 0.084）。与每天户外锻炼超过1小时相比，0至6个月期间每天户外锻炼少于1小时可降低脊柱畸形风险（3≤ATR＜5）（OR = 0.525，95%CI 0.301 - 0.917，P = 0.024）。当母亲血钙水平较低时，长时间户外锻炼导致高ATR风险增加更为显著（OR = 0.302，95%CI 0.134 - 0.682；P = 0.004）。
6个月以下婴儿长时间户外锻炼（每天＞1小时）可能与躯干旋转角度变化或姿势压力有关。孕早期锻炼可能与儿童良好的脊柱发育有关。需要进一步研究身体活动在预防脊柱侧弯中的作用。
