“他们说这可能致癌”：菲律宾人避孕观念误区及初级医疗保健干预措施的定性研究
"They say it may cause cancer:" A Qualitative Exploration of Filipinos' Contraceptive Misconceptions and Primary Healthcare Interventions.
作者信息
Aseremo Pamela Mae Q, Herco Jayne Patricia C, Paraleon Charlene A, Pumaras Azel Ruth E, Matibag Nikki M, Miranda Kevin Jace A, Carandang Rogie Royce Z
机构信息
College of Pharmacy, Adamson University, Manila, Philippines.
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Connecticut, USA.
出版信息
Acta Med Philipp. 2025 Aug 15;59(11):8-17. doi: 10.47895/amp.vi0.10531. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Contraceptives are widely acknowledged for preventing unwanted pregnancies. However, there is a prevalent lack of awareness regarding contraceptives, leading to unaddressed misconceptions. This study aimed to identify common contraceptive misconceptions among men and women of reproductive age and explore how primary health workers address them.
METHODS
A qualitative study was conducted in two phases within District 5, Manila City. Phase 1 comprised focused group discussions with men and women of reproductive age (n=60), while Phase 2 involved conducting in-depth interviews with primary healthcare providers (n=16). MAXQDA, a qualitative software, to organize and code the data, was utilized.
RESULTS
Women of reproductive age reported several misconceptions about contraceptives, including concerns about adverse health effects, emotional and behavioral changes, perceived ineffectiveness, and cosmetic or bodily changes. For instance, they believed that contraceptives could lead to serious health complications, such as cancer, genital injury, and even death. Primary healthcare providers addressed these misconceptions through open dialogue during service delivery, particularly during prenatal and postpartum check-ups and infant immunizations. They utilized patient education strategies, including the teach-back method, and conducted community outreach and workshops on contraceptives and family planning, especially during Women's Month.
CONCLUSION
Several misconceptions were identified among women of reproductive age regarding the proper use and safety of contraceptive methods, as well as misguided beliefs. In contrast, men did not exhibit any misconceptions about contraceptives, which warrants further investigation. Primary healthcare providers have taken a proactive approach to address this issue by offering comprehensive explanations and ensuring clear understanding between healthcare providers and women. Promoting contraceptive health literacy could help bridge the knowledge gap between men and women of reproductive age.
背景与目的
避孕药在预防意外怀孕方面得到广泛认可。然而，人们对避孕药普遍缺乏认识，导致一些误解未得到解决。本研究旨在确定育龄男性和女性中常见的避孕误解，并探讨初级卫生工作者如何应对这些误解。
方法
在马尼拉市第5区分两个阶段进行了一项定性研究。第一阶段包括与育龄男性和女性（n = 60）进行焦点小组讨论，而第二阶段则对初级医疗保健提供者（n = 16）进行深入访谈。使用了定性软件MAXQDA来组织和编码数据。
结果
育龄女性报告了一些关于避孕药的误解，包括对健康不良影响、情绪和行为变化、认为无效以及外观或身体变化的担忧。例如，她们认为避孕药可能导致严重的健康并发症，如癌症、生殖器损伤甚至死亡。初级医疗保健提供者在服务提供过程中，特别是在产前和产后检查以及婴儿免疫接种期间，通过开放对话来解决这些误解。他们采用了患者教育策略，包括反馈教学法，并开展了关于避孕药具和计划生育的社区宣传和讲习班，特别是在妇女月期间。
结论
在育龄女性中发现了一些关于避孕方法正确使用和安全性的误解以及错误观念。相比之下，男性对避孕药没有表现出任何误解，这值得进一步研究。初级医疗保健提供者已采取积极措施来解决这个问题，提供全面解释并确保医疗保健提供者与女性之间的清晰理解。提高避孕健康素养有助于弥合育龄男性和女性之间的知识差距。
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