Wang Qiu-Yun, Mensah Emmanuel, Li Zhi-Chao, Wang De-Guo, Zhang Cui-Wei, Baako Bruno Miezah, Zha Lei, Kong Xiang
Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Aug 28;16:1643999. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1643999. eCollection 2025.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, has become a global health concern. This study evaluates the burden of DM in the African region from 1990-2021 to inform prevention and control strategies.
Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021, we analyzed the incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years, age-standardized rates and estimated annual percentage changes of DM, type 1 DM (T1DM) and type 2 DM (T2DM) in the African region. Decomposition analysis was utilized to explore the contributions of population growth, aging and epidemiological changes to the disease burden. The comparative risk assessment framework was employed to estimate the influence of second-level risk factors on the diabetes burden.
From 1990 to 2021, the disease burden of DM, T1DM and T2DM in the African region increased significantly. The age-standardized incidence rate of DM, T1DM and T2DM increased from 157.284, 5.934 and 151.350 per 100,000 population in 1990 to 250.459, 5.987 and 244.472 per 100,000 population in 2021, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence rate for DM, T1DM and T2DM increased from 2,426.585, 185.366 and 2,241.219 per 100,000 population in 1990 to 4,677.459, 189.384 and 4,488.075 per 100,000 population in 2021. The age-standardized mortality rate for DM and T2DM increased from 39.568 and 38.649 per 100,000 population in 1990 to 44.860 and 44.193 per 100,000 population in 2021. The age-standardized disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)for DM and T2DM increased from 1,123.079 and 1,059.430 per 100,000 population in 1990 to 1,379.240 and 1,329.440 per 100,000 population in 2021. Population growth was identified as the key driver of the increasing disease burden. High body mass index was a major risk factor for DALYs in DM/T2DM. Suboptimal temperature was a major risk factor for DALYs in T1DM. Mauritius had the highest incidence and prevalence rates for DM, T1DM and T2DM, while Kenya and Niger exhibited the lowest rates for DM/T2DM and T1DM, respectively.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) imposes a substantial global disease burden across Africa, necessitating urgent public health interventions to address risk factors and enhance prevention and control measures.
糖尿病（DM）是一种以高血糖为特征的慢性疾病，已成为全球关注的健康问题。本研究评估了1990年至2021年非洲地区糖尿病的负担，为预防和控制策略提供依据。
利用全球疾病负担（GBD）2021的数据，我们分析了非洲地区糖尿病、1型糖尿病（T1DM）和2型糖尿病（T2DM）的发病率、患病率、死亡率、伤残调整生命年、年龄标准化率和估计年度百分比变化。采用分解分析探讨人口增长、老龄化和流行病学变化对疾病负担的贡献。运用比较风险评估框架估计二级风险因素对糖尿病负担的影响。
1990年至2021年，非洲地区糖尿病、T1DM和T2DM的疾病负担显著增加。糖尿病、T1DM和T2DM的年龄标准化发病率分别从1990年的每10万人157.284、5.934和151.350例增加到2021年的每10万人250.459、5.987和244.472例。糖尿病、T1DM和T2DM的年龄标准化患病率分别从1990年的每10万人2426.585、185.366和2241.219例增加到2021年的每10万人4677.459、189.384和4488.075例。糖尿病和T2DM的年龄标准化死亡率分别从1990年的每10万人39.568和38.649例增加到2021年的每10万人44.860和44.193例。糖尿病和T2DM的年龄标准化伤残调整生命年分别从1990年的每10万人1123.079和1059.430增加到2021年的每10万人1379.240和1329.440。人口增长被确定为疾病负担增加的关键驱动因素。高体重指数是糖尿病/T2DM伤残调整生命年的主要风险因素。温度不适是T1DM伤残调整生命年的主要风险因素。毛里求斯的糖尿病、T1DM和T2DM发病率和患病率最高，而肯尼亚和尼日尔的糖尿病/T2DM和T1DM发病率最低。
糖尿病在非洲造成了巨大的全球疾病负担，需要紧急的公共卫生干预措施来应对风险因素并加强预防和控制措施。
