Girerd Lola, Jost John T, Bonnot Virginie
Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale, Université Paris Cité, FR.
Department of Psychology, New York University, US.
Int Rev Soc Psychol. 2023 Jul 19;36:11. doi: 10.5334/irsp.663. eCollection 2023.
We created a novel instrument to assess individual orientations toward the neoliberal capitalist system, the Neoliberal Orientation Questionnaire (NOQ), which is comprised of four dimensions: competitiveness, individual self-regulation, relational detachment, and public divestment. The instrument was intended to complement existing scales by (a) adopting a European perspective, and (b) incorporating personal as well as societal values, including lifestyle considerations. We sought to validate the NOQ in a European country with a strong history of public investment and social welfare provisions, namely France. In three nationally representative French samples, and one US student sample we assessed the internal consistency and construct validity of long and short versions of the scale. In terms of convergent and divergent validity, NOQ scores were positively correlated with scores on the Neoliberal Beliefs Inventory (NBI), general and economic forms of system justification, social dominance orientation, social and economic conservatism, internal locus of control, belief in free will, future-orientation, and a tendency to look on the 'bright side' in the face of hardships. The NOQ should prove useful for understanding the antecedents, concomitants, and consequences of attitudinal support versus opposition to the neoliberal capitalist system that dominates contemporary Western societies.
我们创建了一种新颖的工具来评估个体对新自由主义资本主义制度的取向，即新自由主义取向问卷（NOQ），它由四个维度组成：竞争力、个人自我调节、关系疏离和公共撤资。该工具旨在通过以下方式补充现有量表：（a）采用欧洲视角，（b）纳入个人以及社会价值观，包括生活方式考量。我们试图在一个有着强大公共投资和社会福利提供历史的欧洲国家，即法国，对NOQ进行验证。在三个具有全国代表性的法国样本以及一个美国学生样本中，我们评估了该量表长版本和短版本的内部一致性和结构效度。在收敛效度和区分效度方面，NOQ得分与新自由主义信念量表（NBI）得分、系统正当性的一般和经济形式、社会支配取向、社会和经济保守主义、内控点、对自由意志的信念、未来取向以及面对困难时“看到光明面”的倾向呈正相关。NOQ对于理解对主导当代西方社会的新自由主义资本主义制度的态度支持与反对的前因、伴随因素和后果应会证明是有用的。
