Tang Weiqi, Tang Haocheng, Hu Yaodan, Men Ting, Zhang Yisen, Li Zhengyan
Opt Lett. 2025 Sep 15;50(18):5779-5782. doi: 10.1364/OL.574173.
Ultrafast imaging is a powerful approach to study laser-matter interactions with full spatiotemporal resolution in an ultrafast pump-probe scheme. Conventional ultrafast imaging techniques only capture the evolving probe intensity profile without any phase information, allowing indirect interpretation of the physical dynamics of the laser-sample interaction. Here, we demonstrate a single-shot ultrafast imaging technique that captures both the evolving intensity and phase profiles of the probe pulse by combining the spectral compressive imaging technique and the diffractive phase retrieval method. Such a complex-amplitude sensitive ultrafast imaging technique, with extra phase information in addition to intensity and a temporal resolution of ~1 ps, enables comprehensive studies of the picosecond-scale dynamics of femtosecond laser ablation on metal and semiconductor materials, specifically the spallation of the liquid gold surface layer and the phase explosion of the silicon liquid-gas mixture.
超快成像技术是一种在超快泵浦-探测方案中以全时空分辨率研究激光与物质相互作用的强大方法。传统的超快成像技术仅能捕捉演化中的探测光强分布，而不包含任何相位信息，只能间接解读激光与样品相互作用的物理动力学过程。在此，我们展示了一种单次超快成像技术，该技术通过结合光谱压缩成像技术和衍射相位恢复方法，能够同时捕捉探测脉冲的演化光强分布和相位分布。这种对复振幅敏感的超快成像技术，除了光强信息外还具备额外的相位信息，并且时间分辨率约为1皮秒，能够全面研究飞秒激光对金属和半导体材料进行皮秒级动力学过程，特别是液态金表面层的剥落以及硅液-气混合物的相爆炸。
