Batista Mariana Biagi, de Freitas Mileny Caroline Menezes, Barbosa Cynthia Correa Lopes, Shigaki Gabriela Blasquez, Romanzini Catiana Leila Possamai, Venturini Danielle, Okino Alessandra Miyuki, Barbosa Décio Sabbatini, Ronque Enio Ricardo Vaz
School of Education, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
Am J Hum Biol. 2025 Sep;37(9):e70147. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.70147.
Analyze the direct and indirect associations between sports participation (SP) during childhood and adolescence and the metabolic risk profile in adulthood. Additionally, investigate whether the relationship is mediated by current levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).
A retrospective observational study was conducted with 123 young adults (61 males), aged 18-25 years. Metabolic variables included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), relative body fat percentage (%BF), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and blood markers such as glucose levels, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, insulin, and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). A composite metabolic risk score was created by summing the z-scores. CRF was estimated using the 20-m shuttle run test. SP was assessed using a retrospective questionnaire, while moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in adulthood was measured using accelerometry. Structural equation modeling was applied to examine both direct and indirect associations.
SP during childhood, adolescence, and both periods was indirectly and inversely associated with the metabolic risk score and HOMA-IR in adulthood. The effect of youth SP on metabolic risk was mediated by adult VO max related to metabolic score (β = -0.127; p < 0.001) and also to HOMA-IR (β = -0.067; p < 0.001). Moreover, MVPA positively interacted with VO max across all analytical models (p < 0.05).
Youth SP during childhood and adolescence was indirectly associated with reduced metabolic risk in adulthood, with this relationship being mediated by current CRF. Additionally, the current practice of MVPA contributes positively to CRF in adulthood.
分析儿童期和青少年期的体育活动参与（SP）与成年期代谢风险状况之间的直接和间接关联。此外，研究这种关系是否由当前的心肺适能（CRF）水平介导。
对123名年龄在18至25岁之间的青年成年人（61名男性）进行了一项回顾性观察研究。代谢变量包括体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、相对体脂百分比（%BF）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）以及血糖水平、血脂谱、C反应蛋白、胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）等血液标志物。通过将z分数相加得出综合代谢风险评分。使用20米往返跑测试评估CRF。通过回顾性问卷评估SP，而使用加速度计测量成年期的中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）。应用结构方程模型来检验直接和间接关联。
儿童期、青少年期以及两个时期的SP与成年期的代谢风险评分和HOMA-IR均存在间接且负向的关联。青年期SP对代谢风险的影响由与代谢评分相关的成年期最大摄氧量（VO max）介导（β = -0.127；p < 0.001），也由与HOMA-IR相关的成年期最大摄氧量介导（β = -0.067；p < 0.001）。此外，在所有分析模型中，MVPA与VO max呈正相互作用（p < 0.05）。
儿童期和青少年期的青年期SP与成年期代谢风险降低间接相关，这种关系由当前的CRF介导。此外，当前的MVPA实践对成年期的CRF有积极贡献。
