Elgamily Mahitabe, Mowafey Bassant, Nabil Nesreen
Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Faculty of Dentistry, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt.
Odontology. 2025 Sep 17. doi: 10.1007/s10266-025-01187-1.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of naringenin against cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity in human gingival cells. The safe dose of naringenin and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Cd were defined using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Then four groups were assigned: group I: control (cells + media), group II: cells + Cd, group III: cells + naringenin, group IV: cells + Cd + naringenin. The cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Lipid peroxidation (MDA), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and apoptosis by (Annexin V/PI) assay were measured. The ultrastructural changes in the gingival cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Cadmium decreased the viability of human gingival cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 11.16 μM. However, naringenin at a concentration of 50 μM increased the cell viability significantly, but with higher concentrations the viability began to decrease. The exposure of the gingival cells to Cd significantly increased MDA levels and decreased the SOD. It also enhanced apoptosis in the gingival cells with subsequent ultrastructural changes such as cell blebs and nuclear fragmentation. The addition of naringenin improved the cell viability, decreased MDA, increased SOD, decreased cell apoptosis, and improved ultrastructural changes, suggesting a potential protective effect against cadmium toxicity in gingival cells. Naringenin has a potential protective effect against cadmium-induced toxicity in gingival cells.
本研究的目的是评估柚皮素对镉（Cd）诱导的人牙龈细胞毒性的潜在保护作用。使用甲基噻唑基四氮唑（MTT）法确定柚皮素的安全剂量和Cd的半数抑制浓度（IC50）。然后分为四组：第一组：对照组（细胞+培养基），第二组：细胞+Cd，第三组：细胞+柚皮素，第四组：细胞+Cd+柚皮素。通过MTT法评估细胞活力。测量脂质过氧化（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）以及通过膜联蛋白V/碘化丙啶（Annexin V/PI）法检测凋亡情况。通过透射电子显微镜观察牙龈细胞的超微结构变化。镉以剂量依赖方式降低人牙龈细胞的活力，IC50为11.16μM。然而，浓度为50μM的柚皮素显著提高细胞活力，但浓度更高时活力开始下降。牙龈细胞暴露于Cd会显著增加MDA水平并降低SOD。它还会增强牙龈细胞的凋亡，并伴有随后的超微结构变化，如细胞气泡和核碎裂。添加柚皮素可提高细胞活力、降低MDA、增加SOD、减少细胞凋亡并改善超微结构变化，表明对牙龈细胞镉毒性具有潜在保护作用。柚皮素对镉诱导的牙龈细胞毒性具有潜在保护作用。
