Telli Onur, Aksu Kurtulus, Akkale Ozgur, Tuglu Hatice Celik, Celik Fatma Dindar, Yagdiran Melis, Buhari Gozde Koycu, Nazik Bahcecioglu Sakine, Vural Solak Gurgun Tugce, Aksu Funda
From the Department of Immunology and Allergy, Ankara Ataturk Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey and.
Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara Ataturk Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Allergy Asthma Proc. 2025 Sep 1;46(5):e151-e156. doi: 10.2500/aap.2025.46.250039.
Although the relationship of seasonal allergens with allergic rhinitis is well known, conflicting results exist with regard to their association with asthma. To investigate the effect of seasonal allergen sensitization on the severity of bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) and variables that affect BHR in individuals without any chronic respiratory disease who presented to the outpatient clinic with asthma symptoms. Adult subjects who were admitted to our hospital's allergy outpatient clinic between January 2016 and May 2023, presented with at least one of the symptoms of dyspnea, wheezing or cough, and underwent bronchial provocation test (BPT) for the differential diagnosis of asthma were included in the study. Patients with any chronic respiratory disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or bronchiectasis, were excluded. Demographic characteristics and clinical features of the patients, including admission symptoms, BPT results, skin-prick test results, IgE results, and allergy history were obtained by reviewing patient records. A total of 325 patients were included in the study, 248 (76.3%) of whom were women, and the median (min-max) age was 40 years (18-82 years). Aeroallergen sensitization was positive in 131 patients (40.3%), of whom 38 (11.7%) had single and 93 (28.6%) had multiple allergen sensitization. Sensitization was to perennial allergens in 53 patients (16.3%), to seasonal allergens in 40 patients (12.3%), and to both in 38 patients (11.7%). BPT was positive in 105 patients (32.3%). Among the patients with BHR, 73 (69.5%) had at least one allergen sensitization. The BHR risk was 7.13 times higher in patients sensitized to perennial allergens, 4.14 times higher in those sensitized to seasonal allergens, and 8.67 times higher in patients with sensitization to both. There was no significant difference in PC20 values according to the type of allergen sensitization (perennial allergens, seasonal allergens, mixed type) (p = 0.878). Both seasonal and perennial allergens can elevate the risk of BHR.
尽管季节性变应原与变应性鼻炎的关系已为人熟知，但关于它们与哮喘的关联却存在相互矛盾的结果。为了研究季节性变应原致敏对支气管高反应性（BHR）严重程度的影响，以及对那些因哮喘症状前来门诊就诊且无任何慢性呼吸系统疾病的个体中影响BHR的变量。本研究纳入了2016年1月至2023年5月期间入住我院过敏门诊、出现至少一种呼吸困难、喘息或咳嗽症状并接受支气管激发试验（BPT）以进行哮喘鉴别诊断的成年受试者。排除患有任何慢性呼吸系统疾病的患者，如慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）或支气管扩张症。通过查阅患者记录获取患者的人口统计学特征和临床特征，包括入院症状、BPT结果、皮肤点刺试验结果、IgE结果和过敏史。本研究共纳入325例患者，其中248例（76.3%）为女性，年龄中位数（最小值 - 最大值）为40岁（18 - 82岁）。131例患者（40.3%）气传变应原致敏，其中38例（11.7%）为单一变应原致敏，93例（28.6%）为多种变应原致敏。53例患者（16.3%）对常年性变应原致敏，40例患者（12.3%）对季节性变应原致敏，38例患者（11.7%）对两者均致敏。105例患者（32.3%）BPT呈阳性。在BHR患者中，73例（69.5%）至少对一种变应原致敏。对常年性变应原致敏的患者BHR风险高7.13倍，对季节性变应原致敏的患者高4.14倍，对两者均致敏的患者高8.67倍。根据变应原致敏类型（常年性变应原、季节性变应原、混合型），PC20值无显著差异（p = 0.878）。季节性和常年性变应原均可增加BHR风险。
