Duan Yafei, Xiao Meng, Wang Yun, Huang Jianhua, Yang Yukai, Li Hua
State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Sep 1;16:1631655. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1631655. eCollection 2025.
Sudden fluctuations in environmental temperatures are primarily caused by climate change. Aquatic organisms such as shrimp are poikilothermic animals, making them highly vulnerable to rising water temperatures, which can trigger stress responses and reduce aquaculture productivity. Hepatopancreas is of vital importance to the immunity, metabolism and detoxification of shrimp. In this study, the shrimp were continuously exposed to high temperature (HT) stress at 33 °C for 7 days, and the hepatopancreatic histopathology, immune-related indexes, and metabolite patterns were explored. The results showed that HT stress caused abnormal morphological changes in the hepatopancreas of the shrimp, with the hepatic tubules becoming twisted, atrophied, and even ruptured and autolyzed. At the molecular level, stress-related indexes, such as , , and genes expression were increased, while and genes were decreased; immune-related indexes, such as , , and genes expression were increased, whereas gene was decreased; inflammation-related genes ( and ) and apoptosis-related genes ( and ) expression were increased; autophagy-related indexes, such as , , and genes expression were increased. Furthermore, HT stress caused the alterations in the metabolic patterns of the hepatopancreas, such as amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Functional metabolites, such as tryptophan, arachidonic acid, cinnamic acid derivatives, vitamins, etc., were identified as biomarker candidates. The results revealed that HT stress induced comprehensive histomorphological and functional impairments in the hepatopancreas of through a cascade of oxidative damage, immune dysregulation, and metabolic disturbance.
环境温度的突然波动主要是由气候变化引起的。虾等水生生物是变温动物，这使它们极易受到水温上升的影响，水温上升会引发应激反应并降低水产养殖生产力。肝胰腺对虾的免疫、代谢和解毒至关重要。在本研究中，将虾在33℃的高温（HT）胁迫下连续暴露7天，探究肝胰腺组织病理学、免疫相关指标和代谢物模式。结果表明，HT胁迫导致虾肝胰腺出现异常形态变化，肝小管扭曲、萎缩，甚至破裂和自溶。在分子水平上，应激相关指标，如 、 和 基因表达增加，而 和 基因表达降低；免疫相关指标，如 、 和 基因表达增加，而 基因表达降低；炎症相关基因（ 和 ）和凋亡相关基因（ 和 ）表达增加；自噬相关指标，如 、 和 基因表达增加。此外，HT胁迫导致肝胰腺代谢模式发生改变，如氨基酸生物合成和代谢、戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸相互转化、泛酸和辅酶A生物合成、嘧啶代谢和甘油磷脂代谢。色氨酸、花生四烯酸、肉桂酸衍生物、维生素等功能代谢物被鉴定为生物标志物候选物。结果表明，HT胁迫通过一系列氧化损伤、免疫失调和代谢紊乱，诱导虾肝胰腺出现全面的组织形态和功能损伤。
