Amland Rachel, Selbæk Geir, Brækhus Anne, Rhodius-Meester Hanneke F M, Strand Bjørn H
The Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health Vestfold Hospital Trust Tønsberg Norway.
Department of Geriatric Medicine Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway.
Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2025 Sep 15;17(3):e70177. doi: 10.1002/dad2.70177. eCollection 2025 Jul-Sep.
It is unclear how dementia affects loss in life expectancy (LE). In this registry-based study, we aimed to study sex differences in LE and loss in LE in dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and subjective cognitive decline (SCD).
A total of 16,358 patients diagnosed with dementia, MCI, or SCD from the Norwegian Registry of Persons Assessed for Cognitive Symptoms (NorCog) during 2009-2022 were included and followed up for mortality. Sex differences in LE and loss in LE were predicted using flexible parametric survival models and sex-specific mortality in the general population as reference.
Among dementia patients, women with dementia had the largest loss in LE: 17 years loss at 60 years; correspondingly, men lost 13.5 years. Similar patterns were observed for MCI and dementia subtypes.
Women with dementia or MCI had a larger loss in LE compared to men with these diagnoses.
Women with dementia had the largest loss in life expectancy compared to the general population.The excess female loss in life expectancy was also evident for all the dementia subtypes and for mild cognitive impairment.The loss in life expectancy was more pronounced in younger patients with dementia, with a loss of 17 years in women at 60 years of age. Men, in comparison, lost 13.5 years at the same age.Subjective cognitive decline was associated with a minor loss in life expectancy in both sexes.
目前尚不清楚痴呆症如何影响预期寿命（LE）的缩短。在这项基于登记处的研究中，我们旨在研究痴呆症、轻度认知障碍（MCI）和主观认知衰退（SCD）患者在预期寿命和预期寿命缩短方面的性别差异。
纳入了2009年至2022年期间从挪威认知症状评估登记处（NorCog）诊断为痴呆症、MCI或SCD的16358名患者，并对其进行死亡率随访。使用灵活的参数生存模型预测预期寿命和预期寿命缩短方面的性别差异，并以一般人群中特定性别的死亡率作为参考。
在痴呆症患者中，患有痴呆症的女性预期寿命缩短最多：60岁时缩短17年；相应地，男性缩短13.5年。在MCI和痴呆症亚型中也观察到类似模式。
与患有这些疾病的男性相比，患有痴呆症或MCI的女性预期寿命缩短更多。
与一般人群相比，患有痴呆症的女性预期寿命缩短最多。在所有痴呆症亚型和轻度认知障碍中，女性预期寿命的额外缩短也很明显。在较年轻的痴呆症患者中，预期寿命缩短更为明显，60岁的女性缩短17年。相比之下，同龄男性缩短13.5年。主观认知衰退与两性预期寿命的轻微缩短有关。
