Mao Jizhou, Gu Zhihan, Zhong Luying, Zhang Hao, Chen Xiaoli, Zou Liqun
Department of Equipment, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Sep 1;13:1640865. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1640865. eCollection 2025.
Sleep disorders severely impact the health of emergency department nurses and the quality of nursing care. Workplace violence is a significant contributing factor to the occurrence of sleep disorders among nurses.
To investigate whether job burnout plays a mediating role between workplace violence and sleep disorders among emergency nurses, and to determine the degree of interaction between workplace violence, job burnout and sleep disorders.
A cross-sectional survey study was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024, in which 1,540 emergency department nurses in China were surveyed using workplace violence assessment, job burnout assessment and sleep disorder assessment questionnaires. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to assess the relationships among workplace violence, job burnout, and sleep disorders. Mediation structural equation modeling analysis was performed using the PROCESS macro in SPSS which is a plug-in special for mediating and moderating effect analysis.
Among the 1,540 emergency department nurses surveyed, 59.3% experienced sleep disorders. Workplace violence showed a positive correlation with job burnout ( = 0.529, < 0.01) and with sleep disorders ( = 0.950, < 0.01). Job burnout was also positively correlated with sleep disorders ( = 0.343, < 0.01). Workplace violence significantly predicted job burnout ( = 1.658, < 0.01) and sleep disorders ( = 0.250, < 0.01). Job burnout significantly predicted sleep disorders ( = 0.132, < 0.01). The overall mediating effect of job burnout between workplace violence and sleep disorders accounted for 46.7% of the total effect, and this mediating effect was statistically significant.
Job burnout has mediated the impact of workplace violence on sleep disorders among emergency nurses. This indicates that intervening in job burnout among emergency department nurses is a key pathway to reducing the occurrence of their sleep disorders. Simultaneously, combining interventions targeting workplace violence may yield more comprehensive and efficient results. Future research should employ longitudinal designs to examine the impact trajectories of workplace violence on job burnout and sleep disorders among emergency nurses.
睡眠障碍严重影响急诊科护士的健康及护理质量。工作场所暴力是导致护士出现睡眠障碍的一个重要因素。
探讨职业倦怠在急诊科护士工作场所暴力与睡眠障碍之间是否起中介作用，并确定工作场所暴力、职业倦怠与睡眠障碍之间的相互作用程度。
于2023年12月至2024年1月进行横断面调查研究，采用工作场所暴力评估问卷、职业倦怠评估问卷和睡眠障碍评估问卷对我国1540名急诊科护士进行调查。采用Spearman相关性分析评估工作场所暴力、职业倦怠和睡眠障碍之间的关系。使用SPSS中的PROCESS宏进行中介结构方程模型分析，该宏是专门用于中介和调节效应分析的插件。
在接受调查的1540名急诊科护士中，59.3%的护士存在睡眠障碍。工作场所暴力与职业倦怠呈正相关（r = 0.529，P < 0.01），与睡眠障碍呈正相关（r = 0.950，P < 0.01）。职业倦怠与睡眠障碍也呈正相关（r = 0.343，P < 0.01）。工作场所暴力显著预测职业倦怠（β = 1.658，P < 0.01）和睡眠障碍（β = 0.250，P < 0.01）。职业倦怠显著预测睡眠障碍（β = 0.132，P < 0.01）。职业倦怠在工作场所暴力与睡眠障碍之间的总体中介效应占总效应的46.7%，且该中介效应具有统计学意义。
职业倦怠介导了工作场所暴力对急诊科护士睡眠障碍的影响。这表明干预急诊科护士的职业倦怠是减少其睡眠障碍发生的关键途径。同时，结合针对工作场所暴力的干预措施可能会产生更全面、有效的结果。未来的研究应采用纵向设计来考察工作场所暴力对急诊科护士职业倦怠和睡眠障碍的影响轨迹。
