Minichino A, Ciuca L, Dipineto L, Rinaldi L, Montagnaro S, Borrelli L, Fioretti A, De Luca Bossa L M, Garella G, Ferrara G
Regional Reference Center of Urban Veterinary Hygiene (CRIUV), Napoli, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University of Naples, 80134 Naples, Italy.
One Health. 2025 Apr 21;20:101049. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101049. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Wildlife is at the same time a reservoir and sentinel of numerous infections for humans and domestic animals. For this reason, wildlife rehabilitation centers represent an opportunity to carry out surveillance against the most varied infections. In this work, wild animals (canids, mustelids, erinaceids, and cervids) hospitalized at a first aid center in southern Italy were sampled and tested with multispecies ELISAs and rapid tests against a panel of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Foxes and wolves were exposed to , , canine coronavirus, and Pseudorabies virus. Furthermore, one and two foxes tested positive for and . Although not confirmed by molecular assay, hedgehogs and porcupines tested positive for antigens. No animals were exposed to , , , or Schmallenberg viruses. A fox and a roe deer had antibodies against the hepatitis E virus. The overall prevalence of antigen was 25 % (all the positive samples were collected from red foxes). Parasitological analyses showed the positivity of wild animals to spp., spp., spp., and spp. Wild canids also tested positive for spp. and . The results of this study have demonstrated not only the circulation of numerous pathogens in the wildlife of southern Italy but also underlined the risk to which the operators of first aid centers are subjected, considering that some of these animals stand periods of rehabilitation even of several months.
野生动物同时是人类和家畜多种感染的储存宿主和哨兵。因此，野生动物康复中心是开展针对各种感染进行监测的一个契机。在这项工作中，对意大利南部一家急救中心收治的野生动物（犬科动物、鼬科动物、刺猬科动物和鹿科动物）进行了采样，并使用多物种酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和针对一组病原体（包括病毒、细菌和寄生虫）的快速检测方法进行检测。狐狸和狼接触了犬细小病毒、犬冠状病毒和伪狂犬病病毒。此外，有1只狐狸和2只狐狸分别检测出犬瘟热病毒和犬腺病毒呈阳性。尽管未经分子检测确认，但刺猬和豪猪检测出犬瘟热病毒抗原呈阳性。没有动物接触到蓝舌病病毒、非洲马瘟病毒、边境病病毒或施马伦贝格病毒。有1只狐狸和1只狍具有抗戊型肝炎病毒的抗体。犬瘟热病毒抗原的总体阳性率为25%（所有阳性样本均采集自赤狐）。寄生虫学分析显示野生动物对犬复孔绦虫、犬钩虫、犬弓首蛔虫和犬贾第虫呈阳性。野生犬科动物对微小膜壳绦虫和棘球绦虫检测也呈阳性。这项研究的结果不仅证明了意大利南部野生动物中多种病原体的传播，还强调了急救中心工作人员所面临的风险，因为其中一些动物要接受长达数月的康复期。
