Álvarez-Zapata M, García-Soto M J, Salazar-Martínez A, Soria-Guerra R, Portales-Pérez D, Leija-Cuevas C, Godínez-Hernández C, Juárez-Flores B, Bach H, Martinez-Gutierrez F
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Zona Universitaria, Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, SLP 78210, México.
Hospital Central Ignacio Morones Prieto, San Luis Potosí, México.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 Sep 17. doi: 10.1007/s12602-025-10735-8.
Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in children are a problem with a remarkably diverse etiology. In most cases, the treatment requires oral antibiotics that will alter the intestinal microbiota, causing dysbiosis and diarrhea associated with such prescription. Ingesting probiotics during the therapy is recommendable to aid in modulating the microbiota. Prebiotics enhance these beneficial microorganisms. We evaluated the synbiotic effect between the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and fructans from Agave salmiana of proven prebiotic activity on 3- to 10-year-old children diagnosed with URTI and treated with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. First, we extracted fructans from A. salmiana, completed food safety and inflammatory response analyses, and evaluated their effect in vitro on S. boulardii under anaerobic conditions. Then, we formulated a synbiotic that was (a) included in the diet of children with URTI and taking the antibiotic, (b) excluded in a control group with URTI and under antibiotic, and (c) included in a reference group of healthy children. The extracted fructans from A. salmiana were safe for human consumption and stimulated the growth in vitro of S. boulardii, with parameters, biomass yields, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) comparable with inulin. The children consuming the synbiotic ingested it once daily for 1 week and tolerated it well. They had higher concentrations of beneficial microorganisms and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in stool samples with more acidic pH. Compared to those without the synbiotic, these positive effects were significant in children taking the antibiotic and the synbiotic, contributing to their favorable evolution without diarrhea.
儿童上呼吸道感染（URTI）病因极为多样。多数情况下，治疗需使用口服抗生素，这会改变肠道微生物群，导致与该处方相关的生态失调和腹泻。治疗期间摄入益生菌有助于调节微生物群。益生元可增强这些有益微生物。我们评估了益生菌酵母布拉酵母菌CNCM I - 745与具有益生元活性的龙舌兰果聚糖之间的合生元效应，该研究针对3至10岁被诊断为URTI并接受阿莫西林/克拉维酸治疗的儿童。首先，我们从龙舌兰中提取果聚糖，完成食品安全和炎症反应分析，并评估其在厌氧条件下对布拉酵母菌的体外作用。然后，我们配制了一种合生元，（a）将其纳入患有URTI并服用抗生素的儿童饮食中，（b）在患有URTI且服用抗生素的对照组饮食中排除，（c）纳入健康儿童参考组饮食中。从龙舌兰中提取的果聚糖对人类食用安全，并能在体外刺激布拉酵母菌生长，其参数、生物量产量和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）与菊粉相当。食用合生元的儿童每天服用一次，持续1周，耐受性良好。他们粪便样本中的有益微生物和分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）浓度更高，pH值更偏酸性。与未食用合生元的儿童相比，服用抗生素和合生元的儿童这些积极效果显著，有助于他们在无腹泻的情况下顺利康复。
