Nabih Mariam Samir, Ashour Omar Ahmed Mahmoud, Abbas Waleed Mohamed, ElBarbary Ahmed
Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Al Saraya Str. 11, Manial, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Fifth settlement, New Cairo, Egypt.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Sep 17;25(1):1413. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06918-y.
Low bone quality, as well as narrow ridge width, presents a challenge for implant placement and affects implant stability. To date, the effectiveness of a specific technique to enhance implant stability in low-bone quality, along with ridge expansion, is not well established. This study aimed to evaluate implant stability in low-quality bone using osseodensification technique (OD) versus ridge expanders.
Twenty-two patients with one missing upper tooth and low-quality bone were recruited. The osteotomy site was prepared via either ridge expanders or the OD technique. The assessments included primary implant stability and secondary stability at 3 and 6 months, as well as bone width at different vertical levels (2, 4, and 8 mm), evaluated preoperatively, baseline (immediately postoperatively), at 3 and 6 months. Additionally, pain outcome (PO) was assessed.
Intergroup comparisons of implant stability between interventions revealed no statistically significant differences at baseline or 3 months (P > 0.05), whereas there was a statistically significant difference at 6 months (P = 0.0268) in favour of the OD group. The PO revealed no statistically significant differences at baseline or after 1 week (P > 0.05). The ridge width between interventions showed statistically significant differences at baseline and after 3 and 6 months (P < 0.05) at 2, 4, and 8 mm in favour of the OD group.
Considering the significant preoperative difference in crestal ridge width and the short follow-up period, the OD technique appears to be effective in low-quality bone, improving implant stability and enabling the expansion of narrow ridges with minimal postoperative pain.
This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov on April 2nd, 2022, with the registration number NCT05330546.
骨质量低以及牙槽嵴宽度窄对种植体植入构成挑战，并影响种植体稳定性。迄今为止，一种特定技术在提高低骨质量种植体稳定性以及牙槽嵴扩展方面的有效性尚未明确确立。本研究旨在评估使用骨致密化技术（OD）与牙槽嵴扩张器在低质量骨中植入种植体的稳定性。
招募了22例上颌单颗牙缺失且骨质量低的患者。通过牙槽嵴扩张器或OD技术制备截骨部位。评估包括术前、基线（术后即刻）、3个月和6个月时的种植体初始稳定性和二次稳定性，以及不同垂直水平（2、4和8毫米）的骨宽度。此外，还评估了疼痛结果（PO）。
干预组间种植体稳定性的组间比较在基线或3个月时无统计学显著差异（P>0.05），而在6个月时有统计学显著差异（P=0.0268），有利于OD组。PO在基线或1周后无统计学显著差异（P>0.05）。干预组间的牙槽嵴宽度在基线以及3个月和6个月后在2、4和8毫米处有统计学显著差异（P<0.05），有利于OD组。
考虑到术前牙槽嵴宽度存在显著差异以及随访期较短，OD技术在低质量骨中似乎有效，可提高种植体稳定性并使窄牙槽嵴得以扩展，术后疼痛最小。
本研究于2022年4月2日在clinicaltrials.gov注册，注册号为NCT05330546。
