Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
Postgraduate School, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Int J Implant Dent. 2022 Apr 11;8(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s40729-022-00414-6.
The aim of this study was to systematically review the available evidence to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation or vitamin D depletion on the osseointegration of implants in animals and humans.
The focus questions addressed were "Do vitamin D deficient subjects treated with (dental) implants have an inferior osseointegration than subjects with adequate serum vitamin D level?" and "Do vitamin D supplemented subjects treated with (dental) implants have a superior osseointegration than subjects with adequate serum vitamin D level?" Humans and animals were considered as subjects in this study. Databases were searched from 1969 up to and including March 2021 using different combination of the following terms: "implant", "bone to implant contact", "vitamin D" and "osseointegration". Letters to the editor, historic reviews, commentaries and articles published in languages other than English and German were excluded. The pattern of the present systematic review was customize to primarily summarize the pertinent data.
Thirteen experimental studies with animals as subject, two clinical studies and three case reports, with humans as subjects, were included. The amount of inserted titanium implants ranged between 24 and 1740. Results from three animal studies showed that vitamin D deficiency has a negative effect on new bone formation and/or bone to implant contact (BIC). Eight animal studies showed that vitamin D supplementation has a enhancing effect on BIC and/or new bone formation around implants. Furthermore, enhancing the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the osseointegration of implants in subjects with diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were assessed. Studies and case reports involving human subjects showed that patients with a low serum vitamin D level have a higher tendency to exhibit an early dental implant failure. When supplemented with vitamin D the osseointegration was successful in the case reports and a beneficial impact on the changes in the bone level during the osseointegration were determined.
Vitamin D deficiency seems to have a negative effect on the osseointegration of implants in animals. The supplementation of vitamin D appears to improve the osseointegration in animals with systemic diseases, such as vitamin D deficiency, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and CKD. Slight evidence supports the hypothesis that humans similarly benefit from vitamin D supplementation in terms of osseointegration. Further investigation is required to maintain these assumptions.
本研究旨在系统回顾现有证据，评估维生素 D 补充或消耗对动物和人类种植体骨整合的疗效。
关注的问题是：“维生素 D 缺乏的受试者接受（牙科）种植体治疗后，其骨整合效果是否不如血清维生素 D 水平充足的受试者？”和“接受（牙科）种植体治疗的维生素 D 补充受试者的骨整合效果是否优于血清维生素 D 水平充足的受试者？”在这项研究中，人类和动物都被视为研究对象。从 1969 年到 2021 年 3 月，使用以下术语的不同组合搜索数据库：“植入物”、“骨与植入物接触”、“维生素 D”和“骨整合”。排除了社论、历史综述、评论和以英语或德语以外的语言发表的文章。本系统评价的模式是专门总结相关数据。
纳入了 13 项以动物为研究对象的实验研究、2 项临床研究和 3 项以人为研究对象的病例报告。植入的钛植入物数量在 24 至 1740 之间。三项动物研究的结果表明，维生素 D 缺乏对新骨形成和/或骨与植入物接触（BIC）有负面影响。八项动物研究表明，维生素 D 补充对 BIC 和/或植入物周围新骨形成有增强作用。此外，还评估了增强维生素 D 补充对糖尿病、骨质疏松症和慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者种植体骨整合的影响。涉及人类受试者的研究和病例报告表明，血清维生素 D 水平较低的患者早期种植体失败的趋势较高。当补充维生素 D 时，病例报告中的骨整合成功，并确定了对骨整合过程中骨水平变化的有益影响。
维生素 D 缺乏似乎对动物种植体的骨整合有负面影响。维生素 D 的补充似乎可以改善患有系统性疾病（如维生素 D 缺乏、糖尿病、骨质疏松症和 CKD）的动物的骨整合。有一些轻微的证据支持这样一种假设，即人类在骨整合方面同样受益于维生素 D 补充。需要进一步的研究来维持这些假设。
