Yan Cong, Wang Qige, Zhan Libin
（ 110847） College of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China.
（ 110847） Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Traditional Chinese Medicine Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2025 May 20;56(3):619-626. doi: 10.12182/20250560107.
The intestinal mucosal barrier is closely associated with the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the internal environment and resisting pathogenic invasion by regulating the metabolic homeostasis, immune response, and microbial-host interactions in the human body. According to recent studies, intestinal mucosal barrier dysregulation may constitute a key link in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Herein, we systematically reviewed the mechanisms by which intestinal mucosal barrier damage contributes to the onset of T2DM and the latest advances in modern medical intervention strategies. We also discussed and summarized the latest research findings on using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to regulate the intestinal mucosal barrier in the management of T2DM. Currently, the causal relationship and mechanisms linking intestinal mucosal barrier damage to the onset of T2DM remain unclear, and systematic research on the synergistic regulatory mechanisms of approaches integrating TCM and Western medicine is lacking. The approach to manage T2DM through the integration of TCM and Western medicine can provide insights and basis from multiple aspects, such as TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment, balancing drug properties, and multi-targeted therapy. In the future, we should fully leverage the advantages of integrated TCM and Western medicine in treating T2DM and conduct in-depth research focused on the intestinal mucosal barrier, thereby informing evidence-based clinical applications.
肠道黏膜屏障与2型糖尿病（T2DM）的发生发展密切相关。它在维持内环境稳态以及通过调节人体代谢稳态、免疫反应和微生物 - 宿主相互作用来抵抗病原体入侵方面发挥着重要作用。根据最近的研究，肠道黏膜屏障失调可能是T2DM发病机制中的关键环节。在此，我们系统地综述了肠道黏膜屏障损伤导致T2DM发病的机制以及现代医学干预策略的最新进展。我们还讨论并总结了在T2DM管理中使用中药调节肠道黏膜屏障的最新研究成果。目前，肠道黏膜屏障损伤与T2DM发病之间的因果关系和机制仍不明确，并且缺乏关于中西医结合方法协同调节机制的系统研究。通过中西医结合管理T2DM的方法可以从多个方面提供见解和依据，如中医辨证论治、平衡药物特性和多靶点治疗。未来，我们应充分利用中西医结合治疗T2DM的优势，围绕肠道黏膜屏障开展深入研究，从而为循证临床应用提供依据。
