Nieves-Silva Raúl, Chirosa-Ríos Luis, Chirosa-Ríos Ignacio J, Martinez-Garcia Darío, Jimenez-Lupión Daniel, Jerez-Mayorga Daniel
Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar 21, 18011, Granada, Spain.
Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
Eur Geriatr Med. 2025 Sep 18. doi: 10.1007/s41999-025-01310-z.
A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases was conducted up to January 2025. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of FTT on functional outcomes in adults aged ≥ 60 years were included. Data were extracted independently using predefined criteria focused on functional outcomes. Primary outcomes included the BBS, TUG, and 6-Minute Walk Test.
Twelve trials with a total of 491 participants were included. Compared to control interventions, FTT demonstrated significant improvements in BBS (SMD = 1.03; 95% CI [0.18, 1.89]; p = 0.02), TUG (SMD = 0.85; 95% CI [0.10, 1.60]; p = 0.03), and 6MWT (SMD = 0.49; 95% CI [0.07, 0.91]; p = 0.02). Within-group analyses showed consistent enhancements post-FTT in functional performance. Heterogeneity was high in BBS and TUG outcomes and low for 6MWT.
Functional Task Training appears to be an effective approach to improve balance, mobility, and endurance in older adults. However, the certainty of evidence is limited, and findings should be interpreted with caution. These results support the integration of FTT into geriatric rehabilitation programs, while underscoring the need for future high-quality trials with standardized protocols and comprehensive outcome reporting.
截至2025年1月，对PubMed、科学网、Scopus和SPORTDiscus数据库进行了系统检索。纳入了评估功能性任务训练（FTT）对60岁及以上成年人功能结局影响的随机对照试验。使用专注于功能结局的预定义标准独立提取数据。主要结局包括伯格平衡量表（BBS）、定时起立步行测试（TUG）和6分钟步行试验（6MWT）。
纳入了12项试验，共491名参与者。与对照干预相比，FTT在BBS（标准化均数差[SMD]=1.03；95%置信区间[CI][0.18,1.89]；p=0.02）、TUG（SMD=0.85；95%CI[0.10,1.60]；p=0.03）和6MWT（SMD=0.49；95%CI[0.07,0.91]；p=0.02）方面显示出显著改善。组内分析显示FTT后功能表现持续增强。BBS和TUG结局的异质性较高，6MWT的异质性较低。
功能性任务训练似乎是改善老年人平衡、活动能力和耐力的有效方法。然而，证据的确定性有限，研究结果应谨慎解释。这些结果支持将FTT纳入老年康复计划，同时强调未来需要进行具有标准化方案和全面结局报告的高质量试验。
