Abolhassani Amirmohammad, Esmaili Helia, Rahati Sara, Jafarnejad Sadegh
Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R., Iran.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 Sep 20. doi: 10.1007/s12602-025-10741-w.
As one of the most complex diseases, breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of death among women globally, and various species of probiotics may offer benefits in managing BC treatment. While previous studies have examined the impact of potent probiotics concerning BC and its associated risk factors, particularly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, it is essential to note that these effects are strain-specific. Research on the specific effects of different Lactobacillus strains in preventing or alleviating BC complications is limited, even though Lactobacillus has been extensively studied, especially in vitro and in vivo. In this regard, oral administration of Lactobacillus strains, including Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), Lacticaseibacillus casei (L. casei), Lacticaseibacillus helveticus (L. helveticus), Ligilactobacillus lactis (L. lactis), and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), significantly promotes immune responses and anti-cancer properties against BC. In addition, oral capsule supplements containing several Lactobacillus strains, such as Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) and L. acidophilus, combined with Bifidobacteria or prebiotics (a synbiotic), have been clinically proven to be effective. Moreover, some anti-carcinogenic mechanisms of Lactobacillus strains may appear more prominent than others, which contribute to alleviating cancer complications. These include interactions with the gut microbiota, modulation of the immune system, induction of apoptosis, anti-inflammatory effects, the impact of probiotic-derived agents, and epigenetic regulation. This paper reviews the pathways related to Lactobacillus strains to understand their unique impacts on BC better and explores the potential mechanisms involved. Given the possible diversity of effects among different Lactobacillus strains, future research should focus on specific strains.
作为最复杂的疾病之一，乳腺癌（BC）是全球女性死亡的主要原因，多种益生菌可能对乳腺癌治疗有益。虽然先前的研究已经探讨了强效益生菌对乳腺癌及其相关风险因素的影响，特别是乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌，但必须指出的是，这些作用具有菌株特异性。尽管乳酸杆菌已得到广泛研究，尤其是在体外和体内研究，但关于不同乳酸杆菌菌株在预防或减轻乳腺癌并发症方面的具体作用的研究仍然有限。在这方面，口服包括嗜酸乳杆菌（L. acidophilus）、干酪乳杆菌（L. casei）、瑞士乳杆菌（L. helveticus）、乳酸乳球菌（L. lactis）和植物乳杆菌（L. plantarum）在内的乳酸杆菌菌株，可显著促进针对乳腺癌的免疫反应和抗癌特性。此外，含有几种乳酸杆菌菌株（如鼠李糖乳杆菌（L. rhamnosus）和嗜酸乳杆菌）与双歧杆菌或益生元（合生元）组合的口服胶囊补充剂已被临床证明是有效的。此外，一些乳酸杆菌菌株的抗癌机制可能比其他机制更为突出，这有助于减轻癌症并发症。这些机制包括与肠道微生物群的相互作用、免疫系统的调节、细胞凋亡的诱导、抗炎作用、益生菌衍生剂 的影响以及表观遗传调控。本文综述了与乳酸杆菌菌株相关的途径，以更好地了解它们对乳腺癌的独特影响，并探讨其中涉及的潜在机制。鉴于不同乳酸杆菌菌株之间可能存在的作用差异，未来的研究应侧重于特定菌株。
