Vico-Moreno Elena, Bosch-Donate Elisa, Fernández-Domínguez Juan Carlos, Sastre-Munar Andreu, Bachero-Mena Beatriz, Romero-Franco Natalia
Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Front Public Health. 2025 Sep 5;13:1664696. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1664696. eCollection 2025.
The physical demands of sports require female athletes to be aware of pelvic floor (PF) care. However, knowledge about PF dysfunctions and unhealthy habits remains insufficient in sports populations. Innovative and specific educational strategies are needed to engage female athletes. This study evaluated the effects of an online educational program on PF knowledge and care habits in female athletes. A three-session online program with practical content and 3D models was implemented. Of the 130 registered athletes (35.9 ± 11.2 years old), 70 fully attended (FA), 23 partially attended (PA), and 37 did not attend (NA). Before and 4 weeks after the program, participants completed a questionnaire assessing: (1) demographics and sports data; (2) PF symptomatology; (3) knowledge of urinary incontinence (UI), female sexual dysfunction (FSD), ano-rectal incontinence (ARI), and pelvic organ prolapse (POP); and (4) habits during micturition, defecation, and sports practice. FA and PA athletes rated the utility of the program (0-10 scale). After the program, FA athletes showed improved knowledge of UI ( = 0.032), FSD, ARI, and POP ( < 0.001) compared to baseline and NA athletes ( < 0.001). FA athletes also reduced unhealthy habits during micturition ( = 0.003) and defecation ( = 0.003), and had fewer unhealthy habits overall compared to NA athletes. The utility of the program was rated 8.4 points. A three-session innovative online educational program proved effective in enhancing PF-related knowledge and improving care habits among female athletes.
体育运动对身体的要求使得女性运动员需要关注盆底（PF）护理。然而，体育人群对PF功能障碍和不健康习惯的了解仍然不足。需要创新且具体的教育策略来吸引女性运动员。本研究评估了一个在线教育项目对女性运动员PF知识和护理习惯的影响。实施了一个包含实践内容和3D模型的三阶段在线项目。在130名注册运动员（年龄35.9±11.2岁）中，70人全程参与（FA），23人部分参与（PA），37人未参与（NA）。在项目开始前和结束4周后，参与者完成了一份问卷，评估内容包括：（1）人口统计学和运动数据；（2）PF症状学；（3）尿失禁（UI）、女性性功能障碍（FSD）、肛门直肠失禁（ARI）和盆腔器官脱垂（POP）的知识；（4）排尿、排便和运动练习期间的习惯。FA组和PA组运动员对该项目的实用性进行了评分（0 - 10分制）。项目结束后，与基线水平相比，FA组运动员在UI（ = 0.032）、FSD、ARI和POP方面的知识有所提高（ < 0.001），与未参与组（NA）运动员相比也有提高（ < 0.001）。FA组运动员在排尿（ = 0.003）和排便（ = 0.003）期间的不健康习惯也有所减少，与NA组运动员相比，总体上不健康习惯更少。该项目的实用性评分为8.4分。一个三阶段的创新性在线教育项目被证明在增强女性运动员与PF相关的知识和改善护理习惯方面是有效的。
