Chang Haoran, Han Wenchao, Li Jiafei, Jiao Dazhi, Liu Fangyu, Gao Tianlin, Zhu Wenjing, Gong Jianbao
School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Sep 5;12:1613065. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1613065. eCollection 2025.
To evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and bone health in the elderly, and to guide the elderly to establish a reasonable dietary pattern and improve bone health.
This cross-sectional study included 544 elderly individuals aged 60 and above in rural areas of Qingdao. Dietary patterns were analyzed using factor analysis. A logistic regression model was employed to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and osteoporosis. The correlation between body composition and T-score was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation method in the R software.
A total of four main dietary patterns were identified in this study, which included a balanced dietary pattern, a high-protein dietary pattern, a condiment dietary pattern, and a snack dietary pattern. After adjusting for potential confounding factors (age, residence status), it was found that a high-protein dietary pattern was positively correlated with bone health at the Q3 level (OR (95%CI) 0.435(0.190, 0.997), but not correlated at the Q4 level. The high-protein dietary pattern was significantly positively correlated with several body composition parameters, including intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, total body water, protein, muscle mass, minerals, fat-free mass, skeletal muscle, left-hand muscle mass, right-hand muscle mass, and trunk muscle mass (all < 0.05). Additionally, these body composition factors were positively correlated with osteoporosis T-scores.
There is a correlation between dietary patterns and osteoporosis; a moderate amount of the high-protein dietary pattern is beneficial to the bone health of the elderly.
评估老年人饮食模式与骨骼健康之间的关系，指导老年人建立合理饮食模式并改善骨骼健康。
这项横断面研究纳入了青岛市农村地区544名60岁及以上的老年人。采用因子分析方法分析饮食模式。运用逻辑回归模型评估饮食模式与骨质疏松症之间的关系。在R软件中使用Spearman等级相关法分析身体成分与T值之间的相关性。
本研究共确定了四种主要饮食模式，包括均衡饮食模式、高蛋白饮食模式、调味品饮食模式和零食饮食模式。在调整潜在混杂因素（年龄、居住状况）后，发现高蛋白饮食模式在Q3水平与骨骼健康呈正相关（OR(95%CI)0.435(0.190,0.997)），但在Q4水平无相关性。高蛋白饮食模式与多个身体成分参数显著正相关，包括细胞内液、细胞外液、总体水、蛋白质、肌肉量、矿物质、去脂体重、骨骼肌、左手肌肉量、右手肌肉量和躯干肌肉量（均P<0.05）。此外，这些身体成分因素与骨质疏松症T值呈正相关。
饮食模式与骨质疏松症之间存在相关性；适量的高蛋白饮食模式有利于老年人的骨骼健康。
