Philippon A M, Plommet M G, Kazmierczak A, Marly J L, Nevot P A
J Infect Dis. 1977 Oct;136(4):481-8.
Rifampin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic able to penetrate intracellularly, was used for treatment of infections with Brucella melitensis in mice and Brucella abortus in guinea pigs. Treatments were administered for seven, 14, or 21 days; mice were given 25 mg of rifampin/kg per day, and guinea pigs 100 mg/kg per day. Efficacy of the drug was determined by comparison of rifampin-treated animals with saline-treated controls and with tetracycline-treated mice (200 mg/kg per day) according to the following criteria: (1) primary infections of the spleen and (in guinea pigs) of the lymph nodes; (2) residual infections of the spleen, i.e., infections shown after complementary treatment with suspensions of killed Corynebacterium parvum or with cortisone; (3) splenomegaly; and (4) serological response (in guinea pigs). Treatment with rifampin, even for one or two weeks, drastically reduced the number of infections by all of these criteris, and treatment for three weeks cured nearly all mice; the incidences of primary and residual infections in rifampin-treated mice after three weeks were 0 and 8.5%, respectively, as compared with 70.3% and 73.5%, respectively, in tetracycline-treated mice. Of 25 guinea pigs treated with rifampin for three weeks, spleen infection was shown in one, and lymph node infections in 10.
利福平是一种能够穿透细胞内的广谱抗生素，曾用于治疗小鼠的羊种布鲁氏菌感染和豚鼠的牛种布鲁氏菌感染。治疗持续7天、14天或21天；小鼠每天给予25毫克/千克利福平，豚鼠每天给予100毫克/千克。根据以下标准，通过将利福平治疗的动物与生理盐水治疗的对照动物以及四环素治疗的小鼠（每天200毫克/千克）进行比较，来确定药物的疗效：（1）脾脏的原发性感染以及（在豚鼠中）淋巴结的原发性感染；（2）脾脏的残余感染，即在用灭活的微小棒状杆菌悬液或可的松进行补充治疗后显示出的感染；（3）脾肿大；以及（4）血清学反应（在豚鼠中）。即使仅用利福平治疗一两周，根据所有这些标准，感染数量都大幅减少，而治疗三周几乎治愈了所有小鼠；三周后，利福平治疗的小鼠中原发性和残余感染的发生率分别为0和8.5%，相比之下，四环素治疗的小鼠中这两个发生率分别为70.3%和73.5%。在25只接受利福平治疗三周的豚鼠中，有1只出现脾脏感染，10只出现淋巴结感染。
