Fouad Khalil Elouadghiri, Ghanam Ayad, Azizi Manal, Leknani Mohammed, Kamaoui Imane, Skiker Imane, Babakhouya Abdeladim, Rkain Maria
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed First University, Oujda, MAR.
Department of Pediatrics, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Oujda, MAR.
Cureus. 2025 Aug 21;17(8):e90686. doi: 10.7759/cureus.90686. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon but serious complication in pediatric patients with cancer. We report the case of a nine-year-old boy diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma involving the nasopharyngeal region, who developed superior sagittal sinus thrombosis during chemotherapy. Neurological examination prior to treatment revealed no signs of intracranial hypertension. However, two weeks after completing the first course of chemotherapy, the patient presented with severe headaches and intermittent vomiting. Neuroimaging confirmed cerebral venous thrombosis, while the tumor mass was regressing. Anticoagulant therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin was initiated and carefully adjusted in response to chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. Clinical evolution was favorable, with complete neurological recovery and radiological resolution of the thrombus. This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition of CVT in pediatric oncology, especially when neurological symptoms occur during chemotherapy, even in the absence of prior intracranial hypertension. It also highlights the challenges of anticoagulant management in the context of treatment-related thrombocytopenia.
脑静脉血栓形成（CVT）是癌症患儿中一种罕见但严重的并发症。我们报告了一例9岁男孩，被诊断为累及鼻咽部的伯基特淋巴瘤，在化疗期间发生上矢状窦血栓形成。治疗前的神经系统检查未发现颅内高压迹象。然而，在完成第一个疗程化疗两周后，患者出现严重头痛和间歇性呕吐。神经影像学检查证实为脑静脉血栓形成，而肿瘤肿块正在消退。开始使用低分子量肝素进行抗凝治疗，并根据化疗引起的血小板减少症进行了仔细调整。临床病情好转，神经功能完全恢复，血栓在影像学上消失。该病例强调了在儿科肿瘤学中早期识别CVT的重要性，特别是在化疗期间出现神经症状时，即使之前没有颅内高压。它还突出了在治疗相关血小板减少症背景下抗凝管理的挑战。
