Tornow Caroline, Freyer Martins Pereira Julia, Mathias Elizabeth, Chenot Jean-François
Greifswald University Medical Center, Institute for Community Medicine, Department of General Practice, Greifswald, Germany.
Ger Med Sci. 2025 Aug 25;23:Doc08. doi: 10.3205/000344. eCollection 2025.
Postgraduate training varies significantly both between countries and among medical specialties within a nation, due to differences in medical education and health care systems. We aim to provide detailed information about postgraduate training in general practice. This narrative review is based on a selective literature review, supplemented by legal texts and information from official institutions. Postgraduate training is strongly influenced by Germany's federal governmental structure, funding regulations and lack of structured programmes attached to academic bodies. This system allows for freedom in career choice, and the organisation of education and training after medical school. However, it presents significant challenges for workforce planning. Additionally, it places a heavy organisational burden on the individual trainee, who is responsible for organising their own rotations and ensuring that all necessary skills are acquired during training. In response to an increasing shortage in general practitioners, recent years have seen new developments such as the establishment of competence centres and coordination offices. Nevertheless, further improvements are necessary to guarantee up-to-date training, so that future general practitioners can meet the growing challenges of medical care.
由于医学教育和医疗保健系统的差异,各国之间以及一个国家内不同医学专业的研究生培训存在显著差异。我们旨在提供有关全科医学研究生培训的详细信息。本叙述性综述基于选择性文献综述,并辅以法律文本和官方机构提供的信息。研究生培训受到德国联邦政府结构、资金规定以及缺乏与学术机构相关的结构化项目的强烈影响。这种体系允许在职业选择以及医学院毕业后的教育和培训组织方面有自由度。然而,它给劳动力规划带来了重大挑战。此外,它给个体受训者带来了沉重的组织负担,受训者要负责安排自己的轮转并确保在培训期间获得所有必要技能。为应对全科医生日益短缺的问题,近年来出现了一些新发展,如设立能力中心和协调办公室。尽管如此,仍有必要进一步改进以保证培训与时俱进,以便未来的全科医生能够应对日益增长的医疗保健挑战。