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[如医学——麻醉中的治疗性沟通等词汇]

[Words like medicine-Therapeutic communication in anesthesia].

作者信息

Hansen Ernil

机构信息

Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Franz-Joseph-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland.

出版信息

Anaesthesiologie. 2025 Oct;74(10):702-713. doi: 10.1007/s00101-025-01588-5.

Abstract

Before therapeutic communication, which not only serves to exchange information but also reinforces therapy and has a therapeutic effect in itself, ubiquitous nocebo effects based on learning and expectation as well as negative suggestions enhanced by a natural trance state in emergency situations must be eliminated. Treatment and medication can only be optimally effective through placebo effects, i.e. by announcement with an explanation of meaning. To avoid stressors, the 10 meaningful topics derived from the basic psychological needs must be addressed. To accompany patients during operations, dissociation to an inner safe place of well-being and the appropriate reinterpretation of sensory perceptions can be offered. According to recent evidence of perception even during unconsciousness, for example during general anesthesia, resuscitation or coma, communication should not be limited to awake patients. Hypnotic language directed at the unconscious is appropriate.

摘要

在进行治疗性沟通之前,必须消除普遍存在的基于学习和期望的反安慰剂效应以及紧急情况下自然恍惚状态增强的负面暗示,治疗性沟通不仅用于信息交流,还能强化治疗并本身具有治疗效果。治疗和药物只有通过安慰剂效应才能达到最佳效果,即通过带有意义解释的告知。为避免压力源,必须涉及从基本心理需求衍生出的10个有意义的话题。在手术过程中陪伴患者时,可以引导其解离到内心的安全幸福之地,并对感官知觉进行适当的重新诠释。根据近期关于即使在无意识状态下(如全身麻醉、复苏或昏迷期间)也存在感知的证据,沟通不应仅限于清醒的患者。针对无意识状态的催眠语言是合适的。

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