Zhang Yuwei, Li Yuanheng, Sha Zhuowa, Wang Yazhou, Xie Yuzhuo, Zhao Zihua, Shan Linghan, Jiao Mingli
Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
BMC Med Educ. 2025 Sep 24;25(1):1256. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07709-3.
Good communication skills among community health workers (CHWs) can improve public vaccination decision-making and alleviate vaccine hesitancy. However, in China, standardized training to improve the vaccine communication skills of CHWs is insufficient and underemphasized. Accordingly, this study examined the training preferences for CHWs' vaccine communication skills to meet the current needs of community-based vaccination services in China.
This study employed a discrete choice experiment (DCE) design conducted at five community health service centers in Harbin, China, between April and June 2021. Data collection included in-depth interviews and face-to-face administration of questionnaires. CHWs were recruited via convenience sampling, with eligibility criteria requiring participants to: hold vaccination qualification certificates; be full-time frontline staff with ≥ 1 year of vaccination experience; have no prior formal training in vaccine communication. A total of 164 valid questionnaires were included for analysis. Preferences for training programs were evaluated using a mixed logit model. The DCE attributes comprised training period (1 day, 3 days, 7 days), main content (vaccine basics, addressing common misconceptions, communication skills), delivery methods (online lectures, on-site seminars, case simulations), training scale (< 50, 50-100, > 100 participants), and feedback mechanisms (none, final feedback, stage-based feedback).
Three attributes-training period, main content of the training, and training scale-significantly influenced CHWs' training choices. CHWs preferred programs with shorter training cycles and fewer than 50 participants to improve their ability to share basic vaccine-related knowledge and had less desire to receive communication skills training. At the same time, we found no association of training modality on CHW preferences.
Using a DCE, this study investigated the preferences of CHWs for participating in a vaccine communication training program. CHWs preferred a one-day training cycle, training content focusing on vaccine basics, and a small number of people to be trained. The results of this study can inform policymakers and administrators when in China developing vaccine communication training programs for CHWs.
社区卫生工作者（CHWs）良好的沟通技巧可以改善公众疫苗接种决策并缓解疫苗犹豫情绪。然而，在中国，提高社区卫生工作者疫苗沟通技巧的标准化培训不足且未得到充分重视。因此，本研究调查了社区卫生工作者疫苗沟通技巧的培训偏好，以满足中国社区疫苗接种服务的当前需求。
本研究采用离散选择实验（DCE）设计，于2021年4月至6月在中国哈尔滨的五个社区卫生服务中心进行。数据收集包括深入访谈和面对面问卷调查。通过便利抽样招募社区卫生工作者，入选标准要求参与者：持有疫苗接种资格证书；是具有≥1年疫苗接种经验的全职一线工作人员；没有接受过疫苗沟通方面的正规培训。共纳入164份有效问卷进行分析。使用混合逻辑模型评估对培训项目的偏好。DCE属性包括培训时长（1天、3天、7天）、主要内容（疫苗基础知识、解决常见误解、沟通技巧）、授课方式（在线讲座、现场研讨会、案例模拟）、培训规模（<50人、50 - 100人、>100人）和反馈机制（无、最终反馈、分阶段反馈）。
三个属性——培训时长、培训主要内容和培训规模——显著影响社区卫生工作者的培训选择。社区卫生工作者更喜欢培训周期较短且参与人数少于50人的项目，以提高他们分享基本疫苗相关知识的能力，对接种沟通技巧培训的需求较低。同时，我们发现培训方式与社区卫生工作者的偏好没有关联。
本研究使用离散选择实验调查了社区卫生工作者参与疫苗沟通培训项目的偏好。社区卫生工作者更喜欢为期一天的培训周期、侧重于疫苗基础知识的培训内容以及少量人员参与培训。本研究结果可为中国为社区卫生工作者制定疫苗沟通培训项目的政策制定者和管理人员提供参考。
