Liu Yang, Li Yan, Bai Xue, Gu Yu
School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, 100069 Beijing, China.
Biomater Res. 2025 Sep 24;29:0260. doi: 10.34133/bmr.0260. eCollection 2025.
Osteoporosis (OP) is the most common bone metabolic disorder worldwide, markedly compromising patients' quality of life and imposing a substantial healthcare burden. However, current clinical treatments for OP are not able to provide satisfactory therapeutic outcomes, particularly in the presence of complex inflammatory conditions. The integration of noninvasive physical therapy and bionanotechnology has shown great promise in modulating cellular functions and optimizing the bone microenvironment. In this study, we demonstrated that electromagnetized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibited excellent biocompatibility at the cellular, vascular, and major organ levels. These electromagnetized AuNPs significantly enhanced the biological behaviors of osteoblasts, including proliferation, migration, colony formation, and osteogenic differentiation. Remarkably, RNA sequencing analysis revealed that electromagnetized AuNPs significantly activated the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathway while suppressing the interleukin-17 pro-inflammatory signaling pathway. Additionally, electromagnetized AuNPs stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential and boosted adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production while reducing cell apoptosis and oxidative stress, thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation under inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, in a mouse model of inflammation-induced OP, the electromagnetized AuNPs effectively restored bone mass and improved trabecular architecture. Collectively, our findings provide a proof-of-concept that electromagnetized AuNPs enhance osteogenesis by promoting osteogenic differentiation and optimizing the bone microenvironment, highlighting their potential as a promising therapeutic strategy for OP.
骨质疏松症（OP）是全球最常见的骨代谢紊乱疾病，严重影响患者的生活质量，并带来沉重的医疗负担。然而，目前针对OP的临床治疗无法提供令人满意的治疗效果，尤其是在存在复杂炎症的情况下。非侵入性物理治疗与生物纳米技术的结合在调节细胞功能和优化骨微环境方面显示出巨大潜力。在本研究中，我们证明了电磁化金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）在细胞、血管和主要器官水平上表现出优异的生物相容性。这些电磁化AuNPs显著增强了成骨细胞的生物学行为，包括增殖、迁移、集落形成和成骨分化。值得注意的是，RNA测序分析表明，电磁化AuNPs显著激活线粒体氧化磷酸化途径，同时抑制白细胞介素-17促炎信号通路。此外，电磁化AuNPs稳定线粒体膜电位并提高三磷酸腺苷（ATP）生成，同时减少细胞凋亡和氧化应激，从而在炎症条件下促进成骨分化。此外，在炎症诱导的OP小鼠模型中，电磁化AuNPs有效恢复了骨量并改善了小梁结构。总体而言，我们的研究结果提供了一个概念验证，即电磁化AuNPs通过促进成骨分化和优化骨微环境来增强骨生成，突出了它们作为OP一种有前景的治疗策略的潜力。
