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隐匿、联结与直面:对本科护理专业学生心理健康与幸福感的反思性探究

Concealing, Connecting, and Confronting: A Reflexive Inquiry into Mental Health and Wellbeing Among Undergraduate Nursing Students.

作者信息

Ghimire Animesh

机构信息

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.

School of Nursing and School of Public Health, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur-5, Kailashnagar, Chitwan 44200, Nepal.

出版信息

Nurs Rep. 2025 Aug 25;15(9):312. doi: 10.3390/nursrep15090312.

DOI:10.3390/nursrep15090312
PMID:41003267
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12472999/
Abstract

: Undergraduate nursing students (UNSs) often enter clinical training just as they are still mastering the emotional labor of the profession. In Nepal, where teaching hierarchies discourage upward dialogue and hospitals routinely struggle with overcrowding, supply shortages, and outward nurse migration, these learners confront a distinct, under-documented burden of psychological distress. : This study examines how UNSs interpret, negotiate, and cope with the mental health challenges that arise at the intersection of cultural deference, resource scarcity, and migration-fueled uncertainty. : A qualitative design employing reflexive thematic analysis (RTA), guided by the Reflexive Thematic Analysis Reporting Guidelines (RTARG), was used. Fifteen second-, third-, and fourth-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing students at a major urban tertiary institution in Nepal were purposively recruited via on-campus digital flyers and brief in-class announcements that directed students (by QR code) to a secure sign-up form. Participants then completed semi-structured interviews; audio files were transcribed verbatim and iteratively analyzed through an inductive, reflexive coding process to ensure methodological rigor. : Four themes portray a continuum from silenced struggle to systemic constraint. First, Shrouded Voices, Quiet Connections captures how students confide only in trusted peers, fearing that formal disclosure could be perceived as weakness or incompetence. Second, Performing Resilience: Masking Authentic Struggles describes the institutional narratives of "strong nurses" that drive students to suppress anxiety, adopting scripted positivity to satisfy assessment expectations. Third, Power, Hierarchy, and the Weight of Tradition reveals that strict authority gradients inhibit questions in classrooms and clinical placements, leaving stress unvoiced and unaddressed. Finally, Overshadowed by Systemic Realities shows how chronic understaffing, equipment shortages, and patient poverty compel students to prioritize patients' hardships, normalizing self-neglect. : Psychological distress among Nepalese UNSs is not an individual failing but a product of structural silence and resource poverty. Educators and policymakers must move beyond resilience-only rhetoric toward concrete reforms that dismantle punitive hierarchies, create confidential support avenues, and embed collaborative pedagogy. Institutional accountability-through regulated workloads, faculty-endorsed wellbeing forums, and systematic mentoring-can shift mental health care from a private struggle to a shared professional responsibility. Multi-site studies across low- and middle-income countries are now essential for testing such system-level interventions and building a globally resilient, compassionate nursing workforce.

摘要
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/29eb/12472999/30bf2a4b4db6/nursrep-15-00312-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/29eb/12472999/30bf2a4b4db6/nursrep-15-00312-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/29eb/12472999/30bf2a4b4db6/nursrep-15-00312-g001.jpg

本科护理专业学生(UNSs)在刚开始掌握该职业的情感劳动时就常常进入临床培训阶段。在尼泊尔,教学层级不利于向上对话,医院经常面临人满为患、物资短缺以及护士外流的问题,这些学习者面临着一种独特的、记录不足的心理困扰负担。

本研究探讨了本科护理专业学生如何理解、应对在文化尊重、资源稀缺和因移民导致的不确定性交织点上出现的心理健康挑战。

本研究采用了定性设计,运用反思性主题分析(RTA),并以《反思性主题分析报告指南》(RTARG)为指导。通过校园数字传单和课堂简短通知(通过二维码引导学生),有目的地招募了尼泊尔一所主要城市高等院校的15名大二、大三和大四护理学理学学士学生,让他们填写一份安全的报名表格。参与者随后完成了半结构化访谈;音频文件逐字转录,并通过归纳、反思性编码过程进行迭代分析,以确保方法的严谨性。

四个主题描绘了一个从沉默挣扎到系统性约束的连续体。首先,“隐秘的声音,悄然的联系”描述了学生们只向信任的同龄人倾诉,担心正式披露会被视为软弱或无能。其次,“展现韧性:掩盖真实挣扎”描述了“坚强护士”的机构叙事如何促使学生压抑焦虑,采用既定的积极态度以满足评估期望。第三,“权力、等级制度和传统的重压”表明,严格的权威等级制度抑制了课堂和临床实习中的提问,使压力得不到表达和解决。最后,“被系统性现实笼罩”展示了长期人员不足、设备短缺和患者贫困如何迫使学生优先考虑患者的困境,使自我忽视常态化。

尼泊尔本科护理专业学生的心理困扰并非个人的失败,而是结构性沉默和资源匮乏的产物。教育工作者和政策制定者必须超越仅强调韧性的言辞,转向具体改革,拆除惩罚性等级制度,创建保密的支持渠道,并融入合作教学法。通过规范工作量、教师认可的福利论坛和系统的指导实现机构问责制,可以将心理健康护理从个人挣扎转变为共同的职业责任。现在,在低收入和中等收入国家进行多地点研究对于测试此类系统层面的干预措施以及建立一支全球有韧性、有同情心的护理队伍至关重要。

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