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超越国界:尼泊尔护士的梦想、现实与全球职业追求的纵向研究

Beyond Borders: A Longitudinal Study of Nepali Nurses' Dreams, Realities, and the Pursuit of a Global Career.

作者信息

Ghimire Animesh, Qiu Yunjing

机构信息

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia.

Sustainable Prosperity Initiative Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.

出版信息

Policy Polit Nurs Pract. 2025 Aug;26(3):163-176. doi: 10.1177/15271544251322493. Epub 2025 Mar 13.

DOI:10.1177/15271544251322493
PMID:40080903
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12214285/
Abstract

The global migration of nurses, particularly from developing nations like Nepal, is a complex tapestry woven with threads of ambition, sacrifice, and resilience. This longitudinal qualitative study followed the journeys of 17 Nepali nursing graduates, some who embarked on international careers and others who chose to remain in their homeland. Their narratives challenge simplistic notions of "brain drain," revealing a dynamic interplay of evolving motivations, unexpected opportunities, and the bittersweet realities of pursuing dreams abroad. The study uncovers a stark contrast between the idealized vision of working in "modern, first-world hospitals" and the lived experiences of migrant nurses, highlighting the emotional toll of cultural adjustment and the often-unmet expectations related to financial gains and professional advancement. Yet, amidst these challenges, nurses demonstrated remarkable adaptability, leveraging language acquisition, mentorship, and community building as strategies for integration and resilience. The study also sheds light on the unexpected paths to fulfillment found by those who remained in Nepal, challenging the prevailing narrative that migration is the sole route to success. These findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive policies and support systems that address both the structural factors driving migration and the individual needs of nurses, fostering a more equitable and sustainable global healthcare workforce.

摘要

护士的全球流动,尤其是来自尼泊尔等发展中国家的护士流动,是一幅由抱负、牺牲和韧性交织而成的复杂图景。这项纵向定性研究跟踪了17名尼泊尔护理专业毕业生的历程,其中一些人踏上了国际职业生涯,另一些人则选择留在祖国。他们的故事挑战了关于“人才外流”的简单观念,揭示了不断演变的动机、意外机遇以及在国外追求梦想的苦乐参半的现实之间的动态相互作用。该研究揭示了在“现代化的第一世界医院”工作的理想化愿景与移民护士的实际经历之间的鲜明对比,突出了文化适应带来的情感代价以及与经济收益和职业发展相关的往往未得到满足的期望。然而,在这些挑战中,护士们展现出了非凡的适应能力,将语言习得、导师指导和社区建设作为融入和适应的策略。该研究还揭示了留在尼泊尔的人所找到的意想不到的实现自我价值的途径,挑战了移民是成功唯一途径的主流观点。这些发现强调了迫切需要制定全面的政策和支持体系,以解决推动移民的结构性因素以及护士的个人需求,培育一个更加公平和可持续的全球医疗劳动力队伍。

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本文引用的文献

1
Neocolonial echoes in healthcare: ethical quandaries of the Nepal-UK nurse recruitment memorandum of understanding.医疗保健中的新殖民回响:尼泊尔与英国护士招聘谅解备忘录的伦理困境
Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2024 Oct 8;30:100493. doi: 10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100493. eCollection 2024 Nov.
2
Exploring the factors affecting undergraduate nursing students' migration intention: A qualitative study.探究影响本科护理专业学生迁移意向的因素:一项定性研究。
Nurse Educ Today. 2024 Dec;143:106414. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106414. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
3
Migration intentions among nursing students in a low-middle-income country.中低收入国家护理专业学生的移民意向
BMC Nurs. 2024 Jul 18;23(1):492. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02180-9.
4
Restrictive visa policies harm global scientific exchanges.
Lancet. 2024 Jun 1;403(10442):2376. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00300-3.
5
Saturation in qualitative research: An evolutionary concept analysis.定性研究中的饱和度:一项概念的演进分析
Int J Nurs Stud Adv. 2024 Jan 5;6:100174. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100174. eCollection 2024 Jun.
6
The perspectives of internationally qualified nurses regarding their specialty skill transition to Australia: A cross-sectional survey.国际资质护士对其专业技能向澳大利亚转移的看法:一项横断面调查。
J Adv Nurs. 2024 May;80(5):1868-1881. doi: 10.1111/jan.15952. Epub 2023 Nov 17.
7
Globalization: Migrant nurses' acculturation and their healthcare encounters as consumers of healthcare.全球化:移民护士的文化适应及其作为医疗保健消费者的医疗保健遭遇。
Nurs Inq. 2024 Apr;31(2):e12607. doi: 10.1111/nin.12607. Epub 2023 Oct 8.
8
The factors that are associated with nurse immigration in lower- and middle-income countries: An integrative review.与中低收入国家护士移民相关的因素:综合评价。
Nurs Open. 2023 Dec;10(12):7454-7466. doi: 10.1002/nop2.2003. Epub 2023 Oct 3.
9
Understanding the .理解这个…… (原文不完整,只能翻译到这样)
Bull World Health Organ. 2023 Jun 1;101(6):362-362A. doi: 10.2471/BLT.23.290191.
10
Drivers of health workers' migration, intention to migrate and non-migration from low/middle-income countries, 1970-2022: a systematic review.1970-2022 年,低/中收入国家卫生工作者移民、移民意向和非移民的驱动因素:系统评价。
BMJ Glob Health. 2023 May;8(5). doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012338.