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超越国界:尼泊尔护士的梦想、现实与全球职业追求的纵向研究

Beyond Borders: A Longitudinal Study of Nepali Nurses' Dreams, Realities, and the Pursuit of a Global Career.

作者信息

Ghimire Animesh, Qiu Yunjing

机构信息

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia.

Sustainable Prosperity Initiative Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.

出版信息

Policy Polit Nurs Pract. 2025 Aug;26(3):163-176. doi: 10.1177/15271544251322493. Epub 2025 Mar 13.

Abstract

The global migration of nurses, particularly from developing nations like Nepal, is a complex tapestry woven with threads of ambition, sacrifice, and resilience. This longitudinal qualitative study followed the journeys of 17 Nepali nursing graduates, some who embarked on international careers and others who chose to remain in their homeland. Their narratives challenge simplistic notions of "brain drain," revealing a dynamic interplay of evolving motivations, unexpected opportunities, and the bittersweet realities of pursuing dreams abroad. The study uncovers a stark contrast between the idealized vision of working in "modern, first-world hospitals" and the lived experiences of migrant nurses, highlighting the emotional toll of cultural adjustment and the often-unmet expectations related to financial gains and professional advancement. Yet, amidst these challenges, nurses demonstrated remarkable adaptability, leveraging language acquisition, mentorship, and community building as strategies for integration and resilience. The study also sheds light on the unexpected paths to fulfillment found by those who remained in Nepal, challenging the prevailing narrative that migration is the sole route to success. These findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive policies and support systems that address both the structural factors driving migration and the individual needs of nurses, fostering a more equitable and sustainable global healthcare workforce.

摘要

护士的全球流动,尤其是来自尼泊尔等发展中国家的护士流动,是一幅由抱负、牺牲和韧性交织而成的复杂图景。这项纵向定性研究跟踪了17名尼泊尔护理专业毕业生的历程,其中一些人踏上了国际职业生涯,另一些人则选择留在祖国。他们的故事挑战了关于“人才外流”的简单观念,揭示了不断演变的动机、意外机遇以及在国外追求梦想的苦乐参半的现实之间的动态相互作用。该研究揭示了在“现代化的第一世界医院”工作的理想化愿景与移民护士的实际经历之间的鲜明对比,突出了文化适应带来的情感代价以及与经济收益和职业发展相关的往往未得到满足的期望。然而,在这些挑战中,护士们展现出了非凡的适应能力,将语言习得、导师指导和社区建设作为融入和适应的策略。该研究还揭示了留在尼泊尔的人所找到的意想不到的实现自我价值的途径,挑战了移民是成功唯一途径的主流观点。这些发现强调了迫切需要制定全面的政策和支持体系,以解决推动移民的结构性因素以及护士的个人需求,培育一个更加公平和可持续的全球医疗劳动力队伍。

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