Kociolek Judyta, Gengo Rita, Chiang-Hanisko Lenny
Christine E Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
Nurs Rep. 2025 Sep 10;15(9):334. doi: 10.3390/nursrep15090334.
Caring-healing modalities (CHMs), i.e., non-pharmacological, nurse-led interventions rooted in caring science, have shown promise in reducing emotional distress, while enhancing resilience. CHMs are heterogeneous, making it challenging to determine how they are formulated to build resilience, mitigate emotional distress, and explore their mechanisms of action. This scoping review mapped the literature on CHMs, including their components, targeted outcomes, and measures. This review was conceptually driven by Watson's Theory of Human Caring, followed the JBI methodology, and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR. Experimental studies, systematic reviews, opinion pieces, and the gray literature on CHMs for emotional distress and resilience delivered to persons with cancer, written in English, were considered. No date or setting limits were applied. Eleven databases (e.g., PubMed and CINAHL Full Text), were searched. Two independent reviewers screened, selected, and extracted the data. The results were interpreted using Watson's theory. We included 16 records (2016-2025), mostly from the United States ( = 4; 25%) and China ( = 6; 37.5%). The CHMs mainly targeted persons with breast cancer. The CHMs were categorized into four groups: mindfulness-based, group-based, expressive, and educational. Common active ingredients included peer support and group discussions. Dedicated healing spaces facilitated CHMs delivery; mode of delivery and dose varied widely. This review provides a foundational understanding of CHMs as a caring-based, holistic approach to cancer survivorship. Findings identify CHMs' key components, including active ingredients, mode of delivery, and dose. Future studies should ensure diversity in terms of cancer type, as most existing studies focused on breast cancer.
关爱-治愈模式（CHMs），即基于关爱科学的非药物、由护士主导的干预措施，已显示出在减轻情绪困扰的同时增强恢复力的前景。CHMs具有异质性，这使得确定它们如何被制定以建立恢复力、减轻情绪困扰并探索其作用机制具有挑战性。本范围综述梳理了关于CHMs的文献，包括其组成部分、目标结果和测量方法。本综述在概念上由沃森的人文关怀理论驱动，遵循JBI方法，并根据PRISMA-ScR进行报告。纳入了以英文撰写的、针对癌症患者提供的关于CHMs用于情绪困扰和恢复力的实验研究、系统评价、观点文章及灰色文献。未设置日期或背景限制。检索了11个数据库（如PubMed和CINAHL全文数据库）。两名独立的评审员筛选、选择并提取数据。结果使用沃森的理论进行解释。我们纳入了16篇记录（2016 - 2025年），大部分来自美国（4篇；25%）和中国（6篇；37.5%）。CHMs主要针对乳腺癌患者。CHMs被分为四类：基于正念的、基于群体的、表达性的和教育性的。常见的有效成分包括同伴支持和小组讨论。专门的治愈空间促进了CHMs的实施；实施方式和剂量差异很大。本综述提供了对CHMs作为一种基于关爱的癌症幸存者整体方法的基本理解。研究结果确定了CHMs的关键组成部分，包括有效成分、实施方式和剂量。未来的研究应确保癌症类型的多样性，因为现有的大多数研究都集中在乳腺癌上。
