Wiens Lucas, Losciale Justin M, Fliss Matthew D, Abercrombie Max J, Darabi Darius, Li Jedd, Barclay Rowan, Mitchell Cameron J
School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, The University of British Columbia, 2135 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Informatics, Decision-Enhancement, and Analytic Sciences Center of Innovation, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2025 Sep 1;13(9):293. doi: 10.3390/sports13090293.
High-intensity/sprint interval training (HIIT/SIT) improves aerobic and anaerobic performance, but it is unknown if HIIT/SIT increases strength, muscle mass/size, and muscle endurance (ME). We aimed to determine if HIIT/SIT increases strength, muscle mass/size, and ME. Databases (Ovid Medline, Sport Discus, EMBASE, and CINAHL) and the gray literature (Google Scholar) were searched for original research articles investigating the impact of HIIT/SIT on strength, muscle mass/size, and ME (23 March 2025). The risk of bias (ROB) was assessed via the Cochrane ROB 2 Tool. Meta-analyses were performed when three or more randomized controlled trials compared HIIT/SIT to a common comparator. Fifty-four studies were included ( = 1136). Twenty-five studies had a high ROB, while twenty-nine had some concerns. Standardized mean differences (SMD) (95% CI) of 0.16; (-0.09, 0.40), 0.33; (-0.21, 0.87) were observed for meta-analyses comparing the effect of HIIT/SIT to moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and non-exercise controls (CON) on FFM, respectively. A meta-analysis comparing the effect of HIIT/SIT to resistance training (RT) on leg press strength yielded a SMD of -0.82; 95% CI: (-1.97, 0.33). HIIT/SIT may induce slightly greater gains than MICT and CON for FFM, while RT is likely superior to HIIT/SIT for improving leg press strength. However, the certainty of evidence is low, and 95% CIs intersect zero for all analyses.
高强度/冲刺间歇训练（HIIT/SIT）可改善有氧和无氧运动表现，但HIIT/SIT是否能增强力量、增加肌肉质量/尺寸以及提高肌肉耐力（ME）尚不清楚。我们旨在确定HIIT/SIT是否能增强力量、增加肌肉质量/尺寸以及提高ME。检索数据库（Ovid Medline、Sport Discus、EMBASE和CINAHL）以及灰色文献（谷歌学术），查找关于HIIT/SIT对力量、肌肉质量/尺寸和ME影响的原始研究文章（2025年3月23日）。通过Cochrane偏倚风险（ROB）2工具评估偏倚风险。当三项或更多随机对照试验将HIIT/SIT与常见对照进行比较时，进行荟萃分析。纳入了54项研究（n = 1136）。25项研究存在高偏倚风险，29项研究存在一些问题。在比较HIIT/SIT与中等强度持续训练（MICT）和非运动对照（CON）对去脂体重（FFM）影响的荟萃分析中，标准化均值差（SMD）（95%置信区间）分别为0.16；（-0.09，0.40）、0.33；（-0.21，0.87）。一项比较HIIT/SIT与阻力训练（RT）对腿举力量影响的荟萃分析得出的SMD为-0.82；95%置信区间：（-1.97，0.33）。对于FFM，HIIT/SIT可能比MICT和CON带来稍大的增加，而对于提高腿举力量，RT可能优于HIIT/SIT。然而，证据的确定性较低，并且所有分析的95%置信区间都与零相交。
