Li Xinxing, Seo Ji-Won, Bae Jun-Hyun, Jiang Shu, Sung Yunho, Jamrasi Parivash, Ahn So Young, Han Sanghyuk, Kim Sowoon, Kim Chaewoon, Jang In-Yeong, Zulkifli Nur Afiqah Binti, Shin Hyejung, Choi Jai Young, Park Sang Chul, Song Wook
Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR.
Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 29;16(8):e68165. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68165. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Walking is widely recognized as a prevalent form of daily exercise worldwide. However, fewer studies have explored the health outcomes of different intensities of walking exercise for older adults. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the effects of walking at different exercise intensities on body composition, emotions, cognition, and physical function among older adults.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of walking at different exercise intensities on body composition, emotions, cognition, and physical function after eight weeks of group walking. Specifically, the study focused on the potential benefits of high-intensity interval walking (HIIW), exploring whether HIIW could have a more positive impact on the physical function and overall health of older adults compared to moderate-intensity continuous walking (MICW).
Participants aged 65 years or older were randomly assigned to either HIIW (n=13, 85% HRmax and 55% HRmax, alternating every three minutes) or MICW (n=13, 70% HRmax), engaging in group walking exercises for 30 minutes three times a week. The pre-test and post-test evaluations included body composition, cognition, emotions, and physical function.
The two-minute step test showed significant improvements over time (<0.0001) and time-group interaction (=0.004), and sit and reach showed significant changes over time (<0.0001). The independent T-test showed significant differences between the HIIW and MICW groups (two-minute step test: t (24)=1.80, =0.04; sit and reach test: t (19)=3.65, <0.001) at post-measurement. Additionally, no significant differences were found in body composition (weight, =0.74; body mass index (BMI), =0.35; body fat mass, =0.45; skeletal muscle mass (SMM), =0.77), emotions (geriatric depression scale (GDS), =0.79; quality of life (QOL), =0.54; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, =0.24), and cognitive function (CoSAS total score, =0.25) between the HIIW and MICW groups after exercise. Grip strength, balance, 30-second chair stand, back scratch, and eight-foot up and go tests showed no significant effects in the time-group interaction.
Regular HIIW exercise has positive effects on physical functions such as cardiorespiratory endurance and flexibility in older adults, indicating the potential for establishing a foundation for developing customized exercise programs in the future.
步行被广泛认为是全球日常锻炼的一种普遍形式。然而，针对老年人不同强度步行锻炼的健康结果的研究较少。因此，本研究旨在调查不同运动强度的步行对老年人身体成分、情绪、认知和身体功能的影响。
本研究旨在调查八周集体步行后，不同运动强度的步行对老年人身体成分、情绪、认知和身体功能的影响。具体而言，该研究聚焦于高强度间歇步行（HIIW）的潜在益处，探讨与中等强度持续步行（MICW）相比，HIIW是否能对老年人的身体功能和整体健康产生更积极的影响。
65岁及以上的参与者被随机分配到HIIW组（n = 13，85%心率储备和55%心率储备，每三分钟交替一次）或MICW组（n = 13，70%心率储备），每周进行三次30分钟的集体步行锻炼。测试前和测试后的评估包括身体成分、认知、情绪和身体功能。
两分钟台阶测试显示随时间有显著改善（<0.0001）以及时间-组间交互作用（=0.004），坐位体前屈显示随时间有显著变化（<0.0001）。独立T检验显示，在测量后，HIIW组和MICW组之间存在显著差异（两分钟台阶测试：t(24)=1.80，=0.04；坐位体前屈测试：t(19)=3.65，<0.001）。此外，运动后，HIIW组和MICW组在身体成分（体重，=0.74；体重指数（BMI），=0.35；体脂肪量，=0.45；骨骼肌量（SMM），=0.77）、情绪（老年抑郁量表（GDS），=0.79；生活质量（QOL），=0.54；匹兹堡睡眠质量指数，=0.24）和认知功能（CoSAS总分，=0.25）方面未发现显著差异。握力、平衡、30秒椅子站立、背部伸展和八英尺起走测试在时间-组间交互作用方面未显示出显著影响。
定期进行HIIW锻炼对老年人的心肺耐力和灵活性等身体功能有积极影响，这表明未来有可能为制定个性化锻炼计划奠定基础。
