Baranovskii Denis, Smirnova Anna, Yakimova Anna, Kisel Anastas, Koryakin Sergey, Atiakshin Dmitrii, Ignatyuk Michael, Potievskiy Mikhail, Saburov Vyacheslav, Budnik Sergey, Sulina Yana, Stepanenko Vasiliy N, Churyukin Roman, Akhmedov Bagavdin, Shegay Peter, Kaprin Andrey D, Klabukov Ilya
Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Koroleva st, 249036 Obninsk, Russia.
Scientific and Educational Resource Center for Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis, Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia.
Biomedicines. 2025 Sep 4;13(9):2153. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13092153.
: Radiobiology has shown heterogeneity in the sensitivity of cells to ionizing radiation, depending on a variety of conditions. The presence of an extracellular matrix (ECM) appears to confer a radioprotective effect on cells and can influence the cellular microenvironment by modulating the availability of oxygen and nutrients, which can affect cellular metabolism and stress responses. A three-dimensional cell culture allows the synergistic effect on cell survival to be obtained based not only on the radioprotective properties of the extracellular matrix but also on the stress-resistant endogenous properties of the cell culture. The aim of this study was to investigate the survival of chondrocytes in a 3D cell culture during high-dose ionizing irradiation. : The properties of nasal chondrocytes were evaluated using a pellet culture model in which the cells were surrounded by a de novo synthesized extracellular matrix. Tissue cultures were exposed by gamma radiation at doses of 10, 100, and 1300 Gy. Cell viability was assessed after 2 days of irradiation by live/dead staining using confocal scanning laser microscopy. : Tissue-cultured chondrocytes survive after gamma-irradiation of low (10 Gy), medium (100 Gy), and high (1300 Gy) dosages; however, after irradiation of 1300 Gy, the percentage of surviving cells was lower. The average percentages of viable cells were evaluated as 82%, 79%, and 63% in low-, medium-, and high-dose groups, respectively. : Under determined conditions, human cells are able to survive at doses of ionizing radiation that are significantly higher than the current limits.
放射生物学表明，细胞对电离辐射的敏感性存在异质性，这取决于多种条件。细胞外基质（ECM）的存在似乎赋予细胞放射保护作用，并可通过调节氧气和营养物质的可用性来影响细胞微环境，进而影响细胞代谢和应激反应。三维细胞培养不仅能基于细胞外基质的放射保护特性，还能基于细胞培养的抗应激内源性特性，获得对细胞存活的协同效应。本研究的目的是调查高剂量电离辐射期间三维细胞培养中软骨细胞的存活情况。
使用小球培养模型评估鼻软骨细胞的特性，在该模型中细胞被重新合成的细胞外基质包围。组织培养物接受10、100和1300 Gy剂量的γ射线照射。照射2天后，使用共聚焦扫描激光显微镜通过活/死染色评估细胞活力。
组织培养的软骨细胞在低剂量（10 Gy）、中等剂量（100 Gy）和高剂量（1300 Gy）的γ射线照射后存活；然而，在1300 Gy照射后，存活细胞的百分比更低。低剂量、中等剂量和高剂量组中活细胞的平均百分比分别评估为82%、79%和63%。
在特定条件下，人类细胞能够在远高于当前限值的电离辐射剂量下存活。
