Naser Abdallah Y, Al-Shehri Hassan
Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan.
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Sep 12;13(18):2280. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13182280.
Parents make vital decisions regarding their children's health and safety. Poor parental self-efficacy is associated with unfavorable health outcomes among their children. This study aims to investigate parental self-efficacy in managing pediatric medications and treatments in Jordan. This is an online cross-sectional survey study that was conducted in Jordan between 20 April and 4 July 2025. Self-efficacy in managing medications and treatments for children was assessed utilizing a previously validated questionnaire, including healthcare information or decision-making, symptom identification or management, general treatment management, general healthcare navigation, and feeding management. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of a higher level of self-efficacy. A total of 597 parents were included in this study. The majority of parents reported high levels of confidence (self-efficacy) in managing various aspects of their child's care. The highest proportion of parents indicated they were very confident in knowing when their child needs to visit a healthcare provider (35.2%) and in following their child's diet or nutrition plan (36.9%). Very confident was the most selected response for knowing how to contact healthcare providers (38.4%) and scheduling an appointment (37.0%). Higher income was strongly linked to greater self-efficacy, with parents earning 1001-1500 Jordanian dinars (JOD) showing significantly higher odds (odds ratio (OR) = 4.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.42-8.15, < 0.001) compared to those earning less than 500 JOD. Parents working in medical fields also had higher odds (OR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.69-6.45, < 0.001) compared to those not working. Parents with 2-3 children (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.00-3.00, = 0.049) or 4-5 children (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.05-3.63, = 0.03) had greater odds of self-efficacy compared to those with one child. The majority of the parents in this study expressed strong self-efficacy in managing their child's care, specifically in healthcare-related tasks. Higher self-efficacy was significantly associated with parents' socioeconomic characteristics such as marital status, medical employment, income, insurance coverage, and number of children. At the same time, lower confidence levels and self-efficacy were observed among divorced parents. More support should be directed towards low-income families and parents who work outside the medical field to enhance their self-efficacy and ultimately the health outcomes of their children.
父母会就孩子的健康和安全做出至关重要的决定。父母自我效能感低下与孩子不良的健康结果相关。本研究旨在调查约旦父母在管理儿科药物和治疗方面的自我效能感。这是一项在线横断面调查研究，于2025年4月20日至7月4日在约旦进行。使用先前验证过的问卷评估父母在管理儿童药物和治疗方面的自我效能感，包括医疗保健信息或决策、症状识别或管理、一般治疗管理、一般医疗保健导航和喂养管理。进行逻辑回归分析以确定自我效能感较高水平的预测因素。本研究共纳入597名父母。大多数父母表示在管理孩子护理的各个方面有较高的信心（自我效能感）。最高比例的父母表示，他们对知道孩子何时需要看医疗保健提供者（35.2%）以及遵循孩子的饮食或营养计划（36.9%）非常有信心。对于知道如何联系医疗保健提供者（共38.4%）和安排预约（37.0%），“非常有信心”是最常选择的回答。较高的收入与更强的自我效能感密切相关，与收入低于500约旦第纳尔的父母相比，收入在1001 - 1500约旦第纳尔（JOD）的父母显示出显著更高的几率（优势比（OR）= 4.44，95%置信区间（CI）：2.42 - 8.15，< 0.001）。与没有工作的父母相比，从事医疗领域工作的父母也有更高的几率（OR = 3.30，95% CI：1.69 - 6.45，< 0.001）。与有一个孩子的父母相比，有2 - 3个孩子（OR = 1.73，95% CI：1.00 - 3.00，= 0.049）或4 - 5个孩子（OR = 1.59，95% CI：1.05 - 3.63，= 0.03）的父母自我效能感更高。本研究中的大多数父母在管理孩子的护理方面表现出很强的自我效能感，特别是在与医疗保健相关的任务中。较高的自我效能感与父母的社会经济特征如婚姻状况、医疗工作、收入、保险覆盖范围和孩子数量显著相关。同时，离异父母的信心水平和自我效能感较低。应该为低收入家庭和非医疗领域工作的父母提供更多支持，以提高他们的自我效能感，并最终改善他们孩子的健康结果。
