Wojarska Monika, Bernecka Paulina, Jankau Jerzy
Plastic Surgery Department, University Clinical Center in Gdańsk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17 80-110, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Sep 16;14(18):6512. doi: 10.3390/jcm14186512.
: Skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, creating a significant burden on healthcare systems. According to the World Health Organization, 1.5 million new cases are reported annually, though the actual number is likely higher due to underreporting. The main risk factor is UV radiation, with additional contributors such as smoking, older age, and outdoor work. Basal cell carcinoma (70-80%) and squamous cell carcinoma are the most prevalent non-pigmented skin cancers. This study assessed the knowledge of patients undergoing surgical treatment for facial skin cancer regarding risk factors, prevention, treatment, and health-related behaviors. The goal was to guide educational strategies aimed at reducing disease incidence and improving outcomes. : A cross-sectional study of 220 patients treated at the UCK Department of Plastic Surgery (April-August 2024) was conducted. Participants completed anonymous questionnaires on demographics, medical history, beliefs about lesions, and sun-protective behaviors. Clinical data included tumor location, size, histopathology, and excision completeness. Statistical significance was set at < 0.05. : Patients were on average 71 years old; 61% had a secondary education. Sun protection habits varied by education and gender. SPF use was higher among those with higher education (79.55%) and among women (55.83%). SPF users had smaller lesion diameters ( < 0.001). However, 71% delayed seeking care for over a year, often due to misperceptions. : There is a notable lack of awareness about skin cancer, especially prevention and early detection. Education and gender influence protective behaviors. Tailored educational initiatives may help reduce incidence and promote earlier diagnosis.
皮肤癌是全球最常见的癌症，给医疗系统带来了沉重负担。根据世界卫生组织的数据，每年报告的新病例有150万例，不过由于报告不足，实际数字可能更高。主要风险因素是紫外线辐射，其他因素还包括吸烟、高龄和户外工作。基底细胞癌（70 - 80%）和鳞状细胞癌是最常见的非色素性皮肤癌。本研究评估了接受面部皮肤癌手术治疗的患者对风险因素、预防、治疗及健康相关行为的认知。目的是指导旨在降低疾病发病率和改善治疗效果的教育策略。
对220名在UCK整形外科接受治疗的患者（2024年4月至8月）进行了横断面研究。参与者完成了关于人口统计学、病史、对病变的看法以及防晒行为的匿名问卷调查。临床数据包括肿瘤位置、大小、组织病理学和切除完整性。统计学显著性设定为<0.05。
患者平均年龄为71岁；61%的患者接受过中等教育。防晒习惯因教育程度和性别而异。受过高等教育的人群（79.55%）和女性（55.83%）使用防晒霜的比例更高。使用防晒霜的患者病变直径较小（<0.001）。然而，71%的患者推迟就医超过一年，这通常是由于误解所致。
对皮肤癌，尤其是预防和早期检测的认识明显不足。教育程度和性别会影响防护行为。量身定制的教育举措可能有助于降低发病率并促进早期诊断。
