Lee Andrew, Garbutcheon-Singh Kieran Benjamin, Dixit Shreya, Brown Pam, Smith Saxon D
Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia,
Am J Clin Dermatol. 2015 Feb;16(1):47-54. doi: 10.1007/s40257-014-0106-4.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding sun protection in different age groups and between men and women.
A multicenter cross-sectional study using a population-based survey of 416 individuals over the age of 18 years was undertaken during 2014.
Of individuals aged 18-30 years, 94% had experienced at least one episode of sunburn in the previous year. The likelihood of self-examining increased as age increased (p < 0.001). Only 15% of participants used the recommended amount (40 ml) of sunscreen. Women were twice as likely to put on sunscreen as men. Women had better knowledge about sun protection and sunscreen use, and were twice as likely to know that sunscreen was denatured by heat and had an expiry date (p = 0.01). Women were more than twice as likely to put on sunscreen every day compared with men (p = 0.002). Reported barriers to sunscreen use included greasiness and forgetfulness and this was more commonly reported as age decreased (p = 0.002; p = 0.004). The younger population was less likely to use more than one modality of sun protection (p = 0.05).
This study highlights a number of gender- and age-specific findings with regards to sun protection. There are knowledge, attitude, and behavior deficiencies within each demographic group that need to be specifically targeted through educational and public health efforts in order to improve general sun protection measures and decrease the incidence of skin cancers.
本研究旨在评估不同年龄组以及男性和女性在防晒知识、态度和行为方面的差异。
2014年开展了一项多中心横断面研究，采用基于人群的调查方法，对416名18岁以上个体进行了调查。
在18 - 30岁的个体中，94%的人在过去一年中至少经历过一次晒伤。自我检查的可能性随着年龄的增加而增加（p < 0.001）。只有15%的参与者使用了推荐量（40毫升）的防晒霜。女性涂抹防晒霜的可能性是男性的两倍。女性对防晒和防晒霜使用有更好的了解，并且知道防晒霜会因受热而变性以及有保质期的可能性是男性的两倍（p = 0.01）。与男性相比，女性每天涂抹防晒霜的可能性是男性的两倍多（p = 0.002）。报告的防晒霜使用障碍包括油腻感和遗忘，并且随着年龄的降低，这种情况报告得更为普遍（p = 0.002；p = 0.004）。较年轻的人群不太可能使用多种防晒方式（p = 0.05）。
本研究突出了一些关于防晒的性别和年龄特异性发现。每个人口群体在知识、态度和行为方面都存在不足，需要通过教育和公共卫生努力进行针对性改善，以提高总体防晒措施并降低皮肤癌的发病率。
