Indoung Saowakon, Chumtong Sanicha, Prachantasena Sakaoporn, Wiriyaprom Ratchakul, Surachat Komwit, Chusri Sarunyou, Pomwised Rattanaruji, Ngasaman Ruttayaporn
Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
Vet Sci. 2025 Aug 28;12(9):827. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12090827.
The research aimed to study the genome of isolated from bird excreta. Thirteen isolates were cultured, colony stained, and underwent biochemical testing confirmation by nested polymerase chain reaction using ITS1-ITS4 and CN4-CN5 primers, respectively. Antifungal susceptibility testing and whole-genomic sequencing were analyzed. The results determined that all isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B (100%), fluconazole, and itraconazole (92.3%). One isolate (DOP3) showed resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole (MIC >64 and >8 µg/mL, respectively). A phylogenetic tree showed the identity of (serotype A). The genome of resistant (DOP3) and non-resistant isolates (DOP3.1) had 14 chromosomes. DOP3 consisted of 38 candidate antifungal resistance genes, which were the most active against azoles (14). The annotated genes in the azole group mostly were in the ATP-binding cassette transporter transmembrane superfamily. Resistance genes against FCZ were in the transcription factors (), zinc finger (), cytochrome P450 (), and Myb-like DNA-binding domain (). The most frequent resistance genes against ITZ were cytochrome P450 ( and ) and a transcription factor ( DOP3.1 also consisted of 26 candidate resistance genes against azoles. Resistance genes against the azole group belong to the transporter transmembrane superfamily. Resistance genes against FCZ belong to cytochrome P450 (), the zinc finger (), and the CCAAT binding transcription factor (). Resistance genes belonging to cytochrome P450 () were found against ITZ. This research provides the first report of (serotype A) in zebra dove excreta, drug susceptibility to a resistant strain, and identification of resistance genes. Farm sanitation should be strictly applied, and immunocompetent people should avoid contact with zebra dove excreta.
该研究旨在对从鸟类排泄物中分离出的[具体名称未给出]进行基因组研究。培养了13株分离株，进行菌落染色，并分别使用ITS1 - ITS4和CN4 - CN5引物通过巢式聚合酶链反应进行生化测试确认。分析了抗真菌药敏试验和全基因组测序。结果确定所有分离株对两性霉素B（100%）、氟康唑和伊曲康唑（92.3%）敏感。一株分离株（DOP3）对氟康唑和伊曲康唑耐药（MIC分别>64和>8 μg/mL）。系统发育树显示了[具体名称未给出]（血清型A）的特征。耐药（DOP3）和非耐药分离株（DOP3.1）的基因组有14条染色体。DOP3包含38个候选抗真菌耐药基因，其中对唑类药物最具活性的有14个。唑类组中的注释基因大多位于ATP结合盒转运体跨膜超家族。针对FCZ的耐药基因存在于转录因子（[具体名称未给出]）、锌指（[具体名称未给出]）、细胞色素P450（[具体名称未给出]）和Myb样DNA结合域（[具体名称未给出]）中。针对ITZ最常见的耐药基因是细胞色素P450（[具体名称未给出]和[具体名称未给出]）和一个转录因子（[具体名称未给出]）。DOP3.1也包含26个针对唑类的候选耐药基因。针对唑类组的耐药基因属于[具体名称未给出]转运体跨膜超家族。针对FCZ的耐药基因属于细胞色素P450（[具体名称未给出]）、锌指（[具体名称未给出]）和CCAAT结合转录因子（[具体名称未给出]）。发现针对ITZ的耐药基因属于细胞色素P450（[具体名称未给出]）。本研究首次报道了斑胸草雀排泄物中的[具体名称未给出]（血清型A）、耐药菌株的药敏情况以及耐药基因的鉴定。应严格执行养殖场卫生措施，免疫功能正常的人应避免接触斑胸草雀排泄物。
