Zhang Hang, Li Li, Wang Yuwei, Xie Yuhan, Chen Bing
Intensive Care Unit, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Nutr Res. 2025 Oct;142:46-62. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.002. Epub 2025 Sep 4.
Carotenoids have been recognized for their potential health benefits due to their potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, evidence regarding the specific relationship between carotenoid intake and sarcopenic obesity (SO) remains limited. We hypothesized that moderate carotenoid intake was associated with a lower SO risk. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 10,060 adults aged 18 to 59 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. Whole-body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, while carotenoid intake was obtained through two 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Weighted logistic regression models, stratified analyses, restricted cubic spline analyses, and sensitivity analyses were utilized for this study. The weighted prevalence of SO was 7.51%. Weighted logistic regression revealed that dietary α-carotene, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin intake was inversely associated with SO risk after accounting for various variables. Age-stratified analyses revealed a significant inverse association between α-carotene intake and SO risk among adults aged 40 to 59, whereas β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin exhibited similar inverse relationships in the 18 to 39 age group. The sex-stratified analysis demonstrated that the highest tertile of α-carotene, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin intake was inversely correlated with the risk of SO among females. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis revealed a U-shaped association between dietary intake of α-carotene, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin with SO risk, particularly in 40-59-year-olds and females. In conclusion, moderate dietary α-carotene (0.77 mg/day), β-carotene (3.93 mg/day), and β-cryptoxanthin (0.19 mg/day) consumption was associated with a lower SO risk. The relationship between these carotenoids and SO was nonlinear, particularly among individuals aged 40 to 59 years and in females.
类胡萝卜素因其强大的抗炎和抗氧化特性而被认为对健康有益。然而，关于类胡萝卜素摄入量与肌肉减少性肥胖（SO）之间具体关系的证据仍然有限。我们假设适量摄入类胡萝卜素与较低的SO风险相关。我们进行了一项横断面研究，研究对象为来自2011 - 2018年国家健康与营养检查调查的10,060名18至59岁的成年人。通过双能X线吸收法评估全身成分，同时通过两次24小时饮食回顾访谈获取类胡萝卜素摄入量。本研究采用加权逻辑回归模型、分层分析、限制立方样条分析和敏感性分析。SO的加权患病率为7.51%。加权逻辑回归显示，在考虑各种变量后，饮食中α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素和β-隐黄质的摄入量与SO风险呈负相关。年龄分层分析显示，40至59岁成年人中，α-胡萝卜素摄入量与SO风险之间存在显著负相关，而在18至39岁年龄组中，β-胡萝卜素和β-隐黄质呈现类似的负相关关系。性别分层分析表明，α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素和β-隐黄质摄入量最高三分位数与女性SO风险呈负相关。限制立方样条回归分析显示，饮食中α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素和β-隐黄质的摄入量与SO风险之间呈U形关联，特别是在40 - 59岁人群和女性中。总之，适量摄入饮食中的α-胡萝卜素（0.77毫克/天）、β-胡萝卜素（3.93毫克/天）和β-隐黄质（0.19毫克/天）与较低的SO风险相关。这些类胡萝卜素与SO之间的关系是非线性的，特别是在40至59岁的个体和女性中。
